WORSHIP AND WORSHIP OF SHAKTI-DEVI IN THE FOLK CULTURE OF MITHILA

मिथिला की लोक संस्कृति में शक्ति-देवी की पूजा एवं उपासना

Authors

  • Neetu Kumari Research Scholar, Department of History, Lalit Narayan Mithila University, Darbhanga
  • Ajay Kumar Jha Supervisor, Department of History, Lalit Narayan Mithila University, Darbhanga, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29121/shodhkosh.v5.i6.2024.6101

Keywords:

Mithila, Folk Culture, Goddess Durga, Kali, Bhairavi, Vishar (Vishhari), Tara, Kamala, Kosi

Abstract [English]

The view of the subject of deities is an indicator of an important change in the field of religion, which can be called a devotional viewpoint. Its result has been widespread on society and individuals. Bhakti Bhaav has existed from the Vedic era till today. There is a concept that the fruits of devotion and faith can be achieved through worship and adoration. As a result of this concept, hundreds of types of folk deities were created in folk religion. As a result, among the goddesses, Parvati, Durga, Kali, Bhairavi, Chinmastika, Tara, which we call Shastra Devi, i.e., whose origin, worship, prayer, rituals, fasts, festivals etc. are described in Vedic texts, Sanskrit, Puranas, Dharmashastras etc. On the other hand, when folk culture developed in Mithila, many forms of goddesses in the form of gods and goddesses were created, which we today call folk goddesses, in which apart from Durga, Kali, Bhairavi, Chinmastika, Tara, Bishara, Kosi, Kamala, etc., nature-form Yaksha, snake, vampire, house, goddess-goddess, tree, river, mountain, Kinnar, etc. have developed as gods and goddesses. Vedic religion is the confluence of knowledge, devotion and karma. Mithila has been the center of folk culture, tantra-mantra etc. along with Vedic culture. My topic is based on the development of Shakti tradition in Mithila, which is also called the Goddess worship in Indian culture. My topic is mainly based on the heritage of Mithila's folk culture which has been influencing us from the Vedic period till today, which has preserved the folk culture in the minds of people even today. At present, there are Shakti (Goddess) worshippers in Mithila, who describe the Goddess described in the scriptures and the Goddess worship, temple, Gahvar etc. prevalent in the folk of Mithila. Which are still worshipped in the folk of Mithila.

Abstract [Hindi]

देवताओं के विषय का दृष्टिकोण धर्म के क्षेत्र में महत्वपूर्ण परिवर्तन का सूचक है जिसे भक्तिप्रधान दृष्टिकोण कहा जा सकता है। इसका परिणाम समाज और व्यक्ति पर व्यापक हुआ है। वैदिक युग से आज तक भक्ति भाव विद्यमान है। भक्ति एवं विश्वास का फल पूजा और आराधना से प्राप्त किया जा सकता है ऐसी अवधारणा है। इस अवधाना के फलस्वरूप लोक धर्म में सैकड़ों प्रकार के लोक देवी-देवता का सृजन हुआ । फलतः देवियों में पार्वती,दुर्गा,काली,भैरवी,छिन्मस्तिका,तारा,जिसे हम शाश्त्रीय देवी अर्थात जिनकी उत्त्पति,पूजा,अर्चना,विधि,व्रत,उत्त्सव आदि का वैदिक ग्रन्थ, संस्कृत,पुराण,धर्मशास्त्र आदि में वर्णन है दूसरी ओर मिथिला में जब लोक संस्कृति का विकास हुआ इसके साथ देवी - देवता स्वरुप देवी के अनेक रूपों का सृजन हुआ जिसे आज हम लोक देवी कहते हैं जिनमे दुर्गा ,काली,भैरवी, छिन्मस्तिका,तारा,विसहरा,कोसी,कमला, आदि के अतिरिक्त प्रकृति स्वरुप यक्ष ,नाग, -पिशाच ,गृह,देवी - देवता ,वृक्ष ,नदी,पहाड़ किन्नर,आदि का विकास देवी- देवता के रूप में हुआ है । वैदिक धर्म ज्ञान ,भक्ति और कर्म की त्रिवेणी है । मिथिला वैदिक संस्कृति के साथ-साथ लोक संस्कृति, तंत्र-मंत्र आदि का केंद्र रहा है। मेरा विषय भारतीय संस्कृति में देवी उपासना जिसे हम शक्ति परंपरा भी कहते हैं मिथिला में शक्ति परम्परा का विकास पर आधारित है । मेरा विषय मुख्य रूप मिथिला की लोक संस्कृति की विरासत वैदिक काल से आज तक प्रभावित करते आया है जो आज भी लोक संस्कृति को जनमानस में बचा कर रखा है। वर्तमान समय में मिथिला में शक्ति (देवी ) उपासक है जो धर्मशास्त्र में वर्णित देवी और मिथिला के लोक में प्रचलित देवी उपासना ,मंदिर ,गहवर आदि का वर्णन करना है। जो आज भी मिथिला के लोक में पूजित हैं।

References

Dinkar, Four Chapters of Culture, 37

Mon, Prafull Kumar Singh, Our Folk Gods and Goddesses, Samiksha Prakashan-Muzaffarpur, 1999, page 4

Jha D.N., Shrimali, History of Ancient India, Hindi Implementation Directorate, Delhi University, reprint, 2003, page 399.

Mon, Prafull Kumar Singh, Our Folk Gods and Goddesses, Samiksha Prakashan-Muzaffarpur, 1999, page 2.

Same,

Jha D.N., Shrimali, History of Ancient India, Hindi Implementation Directorate, Delhi University, reprint, 2003, page 295.

Sharma Ramsharan, Feudal Society and Culture of Early Medieval India, Rajkamal Prakashan, Delhi, 1996, page 10. 34

Same, page 34

Satyarthi, Satyanarayan Jha, Scenic City Darbhanga, Vismrit Prakashan, Housing Colony Laheriasarai (Darbhanga) 2004, p.28.

Same, page Satyarthi, Satyanarayan Jha, Scenic City Darbhanga, Vismrit Prakashan, Housing Colony Laheriasarai (Darbhanga) 2004, p.28.

Mishra, Jayadeva, A History of Buddhist Iconoraphy in Bihar, Prabhavati Prakashan Saidpur, Patna, 1992, p. 183.

Memoris of the Archeological Survey of India, No.20, The Origin and Cult of Tara - By Hirnand Shastri, Indological Book Corporation, Delhi 1997, p.26; Sinha, Vindeshwari Prasad, Bihar's Contribution to Indian Art, Bihar Rashtrabhasha Parishad, Patna, Third Edition, 1999, p. 165.

Ibid., p. 260.

Shakta Darshan and the Ten Mahavidyas, Dr. Umarman Jha, Bhasha Bharati Publications, Saraswati Bhavan Ujan, Lohna Road, 1997, p. 260.

Shastri H.P., The Origin and Cult of Tara, Indological Book Corporation, 1997, p. 12.

Satyarthi, Satyanarayan Jha, Darshaniya Mithila, Vismrit Prakashan, Housing Colony Laheriya Sarai, Darbhanga 2001, pp. 187-188.

Ibid., p. 2.

Ibid., p. 20.

Shastri, H.P. The Origin and Cult of Tara, Indological Book Corporation 1997, p. 22.

Ibid., p. 263.

Renu, Phanishwar Nath, "Pariti Parikatha," Rajkamal Prakashan, Patna, third edition 1990, seventh edition 2003, pp. 16, 22, 89.

Satyarthi, Satyanarayan Jha, "The Search for Mithila City," "Forgetfulness," Mithila Prakashan, E/44 Housing Board Colony, Laheysarai, Darbhanga, second edition, 2002, p. 26. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/01253086-200226010-00010

Vidyapati Padavali

Rigveda, 10/60/14

Rigveda 2:53:12

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Published

2024-06-30

How to Cite

Kumari, N., & Jha, A. K. (2024). WORSHIP AND WORSHIP OF SHAKTI-DEVI IN THE FOLK CULTURE OF MITHILA. ShodhKosh: Journal of Visual and Performing Arts, 5(6), 3039–3044. https://doi.org/10.29121/shodhkosh.v5.i6.2024.6101