COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF INTELLIGENT TECHNOLOGICAL FRAMEWORKS ENHANCING WOMEN’S SAFETY AND SECURITY APPLICATIONS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29121/shodhkosh.v4.i2.2023.6091Keywords:
Women, Security, Technology, Safety, Ai, Iot, Monitoring, Protection, InnovationAbstract [English]
Social beliefs on women's rights and historical trends of gender-based violence have had a big impact on how women's safety and security apps have developed. Women all
around the world have endured centuries of discrimination and abuse and their vulnerabilities in both public and private settings are well acknowledged. In the contemporary era, women are no longer regarded as a marginalized group. They hold equal authority, rights and opportunities alongside men making significant contributions across various fields thereby fostering global progress. Despite these advancements, gender- based challenges persist, particularly in developing and underdeveloped regions. In an ever-changing technology context, ongoing research and development efforts are required to produce inclusive safety apps that take into consideration the varied experiences of all women, guaranteeing that these tools are reliable and successful in boosting their safety and security. One of the most pressing concerns is the persistent threat of physical harassment which hinders women's empowerment and societal participation. This study conducts an extensive review of existing frameworks and technological innovations in the domain of women's safety. A comparative evaluation of multiple security-oriented technologies including the Internet of Things (IoT), Embedded Systems, Artificial Intelligence (AI), Machine Learning (ML), Augmented Reality (AR) and mobile-based applications has been undertaken to assess their effectiveness in ensuring women’s safety. The global market for women's safety software is anticipated to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 5.6% between 2024 and 2032. With over 700 million internet users and 600 million smartphone users, there is a substantial base for digital solutions aimed at enhancing women's safety, The effectiveness and limits of current women's security apps and new technologies are carefully evaluated in this study using a structured qualitative method. The findings highlight potential research gaps and propose critical directions for future advancements aiming to aid researchers in developing a holistic security solution that ensures a safer environment for women on a global scale.
References
Prabhakar, Priyanka, Peeta Basa Pati and Shantipriya Parida. "Navigating Legal and Ethical Dimensions in AI, IoT and Cloud Solutions for Women's Safety." Developing AI, IoT and Cloud Computing-based Tools and Applications for Women’s Safety. Chapman and Hall/CRC, 2025. 155-191. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003538172-11
Sahu, K. K., & Dubey, P. Empowering Safety Through Innovation: Understanding the Role of Technology in Women's Safety. In Developing AI, IoT and Cloud Computing-based Tools and Applications for Women’s Safety (pp. 221-235). Chapman and Hall/CRC. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003538172-14
Computing-based, C. Developing AI, IoT and Cloud Computing- based Tools and Applications for Women’s Safety.
Jayapriya, J., Vinay, M., Louis, B., & Deepa, S. (2024). Securing Her Digital Footprint: AI for Women's Safety. In Wearable Devices, Surveillance Systems and AI for Women's Wellbeing (pp. 206-237). IGI Global. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-3406-5.ch013
Ponnusamy, S., Bora, V., Daigavane, P. M., & Wazalwar, S. S. (Eds.). (2024). Impact of AI on Advancing Women's Safety. IGI Global. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-2679-4
Ponnusamy, S., Bora, V., Daigavane, P. M., & Wazalwar, S. S. (Eds.). (2024). AI Tools and Applications for Women’s Safety. IGI Global. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-1435-7
Haji, Z., Hashemianfar, S. A., & Haghighatian, M. (2024). Factors Influencing Women's Security in Society: Integrating Thematic Analysis and the Analytic Hierarchy Process with Emphasis on Social Well-being. Management Strategies and Engineering Sciences, 6(2), 152-164. DOI: https://doi.org/10.61838/msesj.6.2.16
Kumar, A., Pathak, A., Jaiswal, S., & Shetty, D. (2024). Artificial Intelligence (AI) for Women's and Children's Safety at World Heritage Sites: Comparative Approaches in Indian and Nepali Cities. DOI: https://doi.org/10.53555/AJBR.v27i3S.2993
Dhawale, K. R., Jha, S. S., Gube, M. S., & Guduri, S. M. (2024). Empowering Women's Safety: Strategies, Challenges and Implications. In Impact of AI on Advancing Women's Safety (pp. 139-159). IGI Global Scientific Publishing. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-2679-4.ch009
Ashok, K., Gurulakshmi, A. B., Prakash, M. B., Poornima, R. M., Sneha, N. S., & Gowtham, V. (2022, March). A survey on design and application approaches in women-safety systems. In 2022 8th International conference on advanced computing and communication systems (ICACCS) (Vol. 1, pp. 101-110). IEEE. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ICACCS54159.2022.9784981
Shenoy, M. V., Sridhar, S., Salaka, G., Gupta, A., & Gupta, R. (2021). A holistic framework for crime prevention, response and analysis with emphasis on women safety using technology and societal participation. IEEE Access, 9, 66188-66207. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3076016
Venkatesh, K., Parthiban, S., Kumar, P. S., & Kumar, C. V. (2021, February). IoT based Unified approach for Women safety alert using GSM. In 2021 Third International Conference on Intelligent Communication Technologies and Virtual Mobile Networks (ICICV) (pp. 388-392). IEEE. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ICICV50876.2021.9388415
Tang, C. S. (2022). Innovative technology and operations for alleviating poverty through women's economic empowerment. Production and Operations Management, 31(1), 32- 45. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/poms.13349
Alfawzan, N., Christen, M., Spitale, G., & Biller-Andorno, N. (2022). Privacy, data sharing and data security policies of women’s mHealth apps: scoping review and content analysis. JMIR mHealth and uHealth, 10(5), e33735. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2196/33735
Basu, N., Oviedo-Trespalacios, O., King, M., Kamruzzaman, M., & Haque, M. M. (2022). The influence of the built environment on pedestrians’ perceptions of attractiveness, safety and security. Transportation research part F: traffic psychology and behaviour, 87, 203-218. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trf.2022.03.006
Priya, M., Venkateswaran, M. N. P., Narayanan, M. M. S., Brabakarraj, M., & Srinath, M. J. (2021). Electronic jacket for women safety. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL, 6(6).
Posetti, J., Shabbir, N., Maynard, D., Bontcheva, K., & Aboulez, N. (2021). The chilling: Global trends in online violence against women journalists. New York: United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF).
Sharma, S., Mandlik, R., Salunke, D., Salke, N., & Haldar, E. A Comprehensive Survey On Smart Safety Devices For Women.
Sonia, R., Kumar, T. R., Naresh, G., Devi, S. D., & Juliet, N. (2024, May). Empowering Safety: Designing of an IoT based Women Protective System using Artificial Intelligence enabled Smart Sensors. In 2024 International Conference on Advances in Computing, Communication and Applied Informatics (ACCAI) (pp. 1-7). IEEE. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCAI61061.2024.10601812
Ananthula, N., Rajeshwari, T., Mounika, B., Vardhini, P. H., & Kalyani, B. (2022, March). Arduino based rescue device with GPS alert for women safety application. In 2022 International Mobile and Embedded Technology Conference (MECON) (pp. 343-347). IEEE. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/MECON53876.2022.9751817
Rawat, A., Chaudhary, V., & Tayal, V. K. (2023). Design and Implementation of a Smart Taser for Women Safety. In Intelligent Systems and Smart Infrastructure (pp. 691-702). CRC Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003357346-78
Freeman, G., Zamanifard, S., Maloney, D., & Acena, D. (2022). Disturbing the peace: Experiencing and mitigating emerging harassment in social virtual reality. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction, 6(CSCW1), 1-30. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1145/3512932
Anitha, G., Mohanavel, V., Tamilselvi, M., Ramkumar, G., & Prabu, R. T. (2022, November). An intelligent LoRa based women protection and safety enhancement using internet of things. In 2022 Sixth International Conference on I-SMAC (IoT in Social, Mobile, Analytics and Cloud)(I-SMAC) (pp. 43-48). IEEE. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/I-SMAC55078.2022.9987425
Cocco, E., Arlettaz, R., Caneppele, S., & Daudigny, H. (2025). Measuring Fear of Crime and Avoidance of Victimization in Virtual Reality Settings: A Systematic Review. Deviant Behavior, 1-27. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/01639625.2025.2469815
Pandey, S., Barik, R. K., Gupta, S., & Arthi, R. (2021). Automatic Threat Sensing and Monitoring System for Woman Safety— RAKSHAK. In Advances in Power Systems and Energy Management: Select Proceedings of ETAEERE 2020 (pp. 179-187). Springer Singapore. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7504-4_19
LMA, V. M., Shashank, M. M., Kumar, S. R., Kumar, P. S., & Ashwini, K. (2023, July). Development of Rakshak-A Risk Free App for People's Safety Using Map Embedded API. In 2023 International Conference on Data Science and Network Security (ICDSNS) (pp. 1-6). IEEE. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDSNS58469.2023.10245775
Choubey, S., Shrivastava, U., Ratnakar, P., Agrahari, A., Sharma, D., & Singh, R. All-in-One Rescue/Women Safety App- RAKSHAK.
Das Gupta, S. (2024). Equalizing Gender Imbalance in a Globalized World—The Issue of Transnational Abandonment of Women. In Understanding Women's Empowerment in South Asia: Perspectives on Entitlements and Violations (pp. 199-223). Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-7538-6_10
Naik, A., Gaur, A., Srivastava, S., Saini, S., Gayathri, R., & Sooda,
K. (2022). Rakshak—Prototype Application to Depict Crime Hotspot and Safest Path Between Locations. In Computer Networks, Big Data and IoT: Proceedings of ICCBI 2021 (pp. 1- 15). Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-0898-9_1
Roy, P., Noor, K. R., & Shawon, S. M. (2024, September). Safe- Women: an IoT-Enabled Smart Safeguarding Device for Enhancing Women's Security. In 2024 IEEE International Conference on Power, Electrical, Electronics and Industrial Applications (PEEIACON) (pp. 422-427). IEEE. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/PEEIACON63629.2024.10800250
Brar, S. S., & Jindal, N. (2023). Camera Based Wearable Devices: A Strategic Survey from 2010 to 2021. Wireless Personal Communications, 133(1), 667-681. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-023-10787-5
Kumar, R., & Kamble, R. (2022). Feminism from the margins: How women are contesting the “othering” of Muslims through arts‐based resistance?. Gender, Work & Organization, 29(4), 1360- 1374. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/gwao.12804
Nandalal, V., Abishek, H., Brunda, N., & Lettis, D. (2022, March). Lora Based Safety Smart Device for Woman Protection. In 2022 8th International Conference on Advanced Computing and Communication Systems (ICACCS) (Vol. 1, pp. 1977-1981). IEEE. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ICACCS54159.2022.9785319
Jose, J., & Jijo, M. A STUDY ON THE ROLE OF SELF HELP GROUPS IN EMPOWERING THE WOMEN IN RURAL AREAS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ANGAMALY BLOCK. Dhan–Path-2021.
Shanthi, M. B., Jain, P., & Prateek, M. (2022). Location Dependent Safety Application for Women. ICT Analysis and Applications, 241-250. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5655-2_23
Sil, R., Kamila, S., Mondal, A., Paul, S., Sinha, S., & Saha, B. (2022). Patron for Women: An Application for Womens Safety. Convergence of Deep Learning In Cyber‐IoT Systems and Security, 285-301. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119857686.ch14
Nandalal, V., Kumar, V. A., Sujitha, A., Sumitha, G., & Sureka, A.
S. (2023, December). Smart system for women safety in cyberspace by fake profile detection. In AIP Conference Proceedings (Vol. 2914, No. 1). AIP Publishing.
Kalms, N. (2017). Digital technology and the safety of women and girls in urban space: Personal safety Apps or crowd-sourced activism tools?. In Architecture and feminisms (pp. 112-121). Routledge. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203729717-13
Doria, N., Ausman, C., Wilson, S., Consalvo, A., Sinno, J., Boulos, L., & Numer, M. (2021). Women’s experiences of safety apps for sexualized violence: a narrative scoping review. BMC public health, 21(1), 2330. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-12292-5
Masud, Q. M., Sarker, M. M., Barros, A., & Whaiduzzaman, M. (2022). GoFearless: A safety and security android based application for women. International Journal of Intelligent Information Systems, 11(2), 22-30. DOI: https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijiis.20221102.12
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Dr. Harshali Patil, Arya Brijesh Tiwari, Kinjal Prithviraj Singh, Anant Manish Singh

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
With the licence CC-BY, authors retain the copyright, allowing anyone to download, reuse, re-print, modify, distribute, and/or copy their contribution. The work must be properly attributed to its author.
It is not necessary to ask for further permission from the author or journal board.
This journal provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge.