ROLE OF RAJYA SABHA IN FEDERAL SCHEME

Abstract [English]

The Rajya Sabha, also known as the Council of States, is an essential component of India's bicameral legislative system. Constituted under Article 79 of the Constitution, it functions as the upper house of Parliament, intended to counterbalance the expedited legislative procedure of the Lok Sabha with more meticulous consideration. The Government of India Act of 1919 initiated bicameralism in India, but it did not explicitly provide representation for independent states. The Constituent Assembly conceived the Rajya Sabha to facilitate substantial deliberation on legislation and prevent impulsive judgments from the Lok Sabha. As a permanent institution, the Rajya Sabha possesses substantial authority. The Parliament can enact resolutions, granting it the power to legislate on subjects listed in the State List, typically reserved for specific state legislatures. Furthermore, it provides a vital function in the establishment of All India Services and possesses equivalent power to the Lok Sabha in the process of amending the Constitution. The significance of the Rajya Sabha becomes especially apparent during times of crises and in issues concerning state representation, as it serves as a counterbalance between the executive power of the central government and the interests of individual states. This legislative body exemplifies the federal concept by guaranteeing the inclusion of regional viewpoints in the formulation of national policies, thereby enhancing India's integrity and unity. Because of its legislative authority, its capacity to advocate for state interests highlights its significance in safeguarding the Indian democracy's federal framework. Essentially, the Rajya Sabha plays a crucial role in preserving the equilibrium between the central and state authorities, thus safeguarding the federal nature of India.