ASSESSING FOOD CONSUMPTION PATTERNS: A STUDY AMONG THE ADULT KARBIS OF KARBI ANGLONG, ASSAM (INDIA)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29121/shodhkosh.v5.i5.2024.5217Keywords:
Food Habit, Lifestyle, Socio-Economic, AnthropometricAbstract [English]
Food habits can be defined as conscious, collective and repetitive behaviours that lead people to select, consume and use certain foods or diets in response to social and cultural influences. The global food security and food systems are often threatened due to various factors such as intensification of agricultural production, increasing populations, rapid urbanization and changing lifestyles. These factors not only contribute to the changing production and consumption of food patterns but also affect the overall health and well-being of populations. There is also a growing association between unhealthy food consumption, socio-economic limitations, sedentary lifestyle and the increasing prevalence of cardiovascular diseases. Some dietary changes often involve increased consumption of energy-dense foods which are high in sugar and fat with a reduced consumption of fresh fruits. Methodology: A cross-sectional method of study was carried out for collecting a sample of 344 participants (200 males and 144 females) between the ages 20-45 years. A pre-designed questionnaire was used for collecting socio-demographic data and dietary habits. Anthropometric measurements such as weight, height, waist circumference and hip circumference were also taken to assess nutritional status. Objectives: The objectives are: 1. to study dietary patterns in food 2. to study nutritional status through anthropometric measurements 3. to study the socio-economic status. Results: The results show that rice was the staple food with a high consumption of non-vegetarian diet. The consumption of milk and milk products, fresh fruits was mostly absent. Further, there was also a higher intake of fast food, sweetmeats and beverages. Overweight/obesity was prevalent in both males and females, while waist circumference, waist hip ratio and waist height ratio was found to be at risk among females. Socio-economic status showed that males and females mostly belonged to upper middle class. Conclusion: Food habits and dietary practices are important not only to achieve the nutritional requirements but to attain overall health and well-being.
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