THE ROLE OF EDUCATORS IN ADDRESSING THE USE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HIGHER EDUCATION: A NARRATIVE REVIEW
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29121/shodhkosh.v5.i7.2024.4877Keywords:
Artificial Intelligence, Educator Role, Higher EducationAbstract [English]
Integrating artificial intelligence (AI) in higher education offers great opportunities but comes with challenges. This study highlights educators' key role in addressing AI in higher education, focusing on four main areas: curriculum development, ethical issues, teaching methods, and challenges in AI integration. It reviews current research to show how educators can teach AI effectively, raise ethical awareness, and adjust teaching strategies to use AI tools well. The results underscore the need for ongoing training for educators, AI literacy, and interdisciplinary collaboration to help educators prepare students for an AI-driven future. The review also offers practical recommendations to ensure AI enhances teaching while keeping it focused on human connections. Moreover, balancing innovation with ethical responsibility is essential to ensure that AI is a tool for empowerment rather than a source of inequity.
References
Ali, S., Kumar, V., & Breazeal, C. (2023). Ai audit: a card game to reflect on every day ai systems. Proceedings of the Aaai Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 37(13), 15981-15989. https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v37i13.26897 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v37i13.26897
Akgün, S. and Greenhow, C. (2021). Artificial intelligence in education: addressing ethical challenges in k-12 settings. Ai and Ethics, 2(3), 431-440. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43681-021-00096-7 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s43681-021-00096-7
Almansour, M. (2024). Generative artificial intelligence and the personalization of health professional education: a narrative review. Medicine, 103(31), e38955. https://doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000038955 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000038955
Alnasib, B. (2023). Factors affecting faculty members’ readiness to integrate artificial intelligence into their teaching practices: a study from the saudi higher education context. International Journal of Learning Teaching and Educational Research, 22(8), 465-491. https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.22.8.24 DOI: https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.22.8.24
Arvin, N. (2023). Teacher experiences with ai-based educational tools. aitechbesosci, 1(2), 26-32. https://doi.org/10.61838/kman.aitech.1.2.5 DOI: https://doi.org/10.61838/kman.aitech.1.2.5
Avsheniuk, N., Lutsenko, O., Svyrydiuk, T., & Seminikhyna, N. (2024). Empowering language learners’ critical thinking: evaluating chatgpt’s role in english course implementation. https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/fh6v8 DOI: https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/fh6v8
Cheng, X. (2023). The widespread application of artificial intelligence in education necessitates critical analyses. Science Insights Education Frontiers, 16(2), 2475-2476. https://doi.org/10.15354/sief.23.co081 DOI: https://doi.org/10.15354/sief.23.co081
Chiu, T., & Chai, C. (2020). Sustainable curriculum planning for artificial intelligence education: a self-determination theory perspective. Sustainability, 12(14), 5568. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12145568 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su12145568
Dai, Y., Chai, C., Lin, P., Jong, M., Guo, Y., & Jian-jun, Q. (2020). Promoting students’ well-being by developing their readiness for the artificial intelligence age. Sustainability, 12(16), 6597. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12166597 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su12166597
D’Souza, R. (2024). Twelve tips for addressing ethical concerns in the implementation of artificial intelligence in medical education. Medical Education Online, 29(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/10872981.2024.2330250 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10872981.2024.2330250
Gagné, J. (2023). The state of artificial intelligence in nursing education: past, present, and future directions. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(6), 4884. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20064884 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20064884
Gagné, J. (2023). Values clarification exercises to prepare nursing students for artificial intelligence integration. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(14), 6409. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20146409 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20146409
Grunhut, J., Wyatt, A., & Marques, O. (2021). Educating future physicians in artificial intelligence (AI): an integrative review and proposed changes. Journal of Medical Education and Curricular Development, 8. https://doi.org/10.1177/23821205211036836 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/23821205211036836
Göçen, A., & Aydemir, F. (2020). Artificial intelligence in education and schools. Research on Education and Media, 12(1), 13-21. https://doi.org/10.2478/rem-2020-0003 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/rem-2020-0003
Goel, A. Artificial Intelligence: A Multidisciplinary Perspective. Available online: https://dypsst.dpu.edu.in/blogs/artificial-intelligence-a-multidisciplinary-perspective? (accessed on 16 May 2023).
Holmes, W., Iniesto, F., Anastopoulou, S., & Boticario, J. (2023). Stakeholder perspectives on the ethics of AI in distance-based higher education. The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 24(2), 96-117. https://doi.org/10.19173/irrodl.v24i2.6089 DOI: https://doi.org/10.19173/irrodl.v24i2.6089
Ibrahim, A. (2024). Assessing the knowledge and perception of artificial intelligence for teaching and research among lecturers in the faculties of arts in Nigeria. Journal of Global Research in Education and Social Science, 18(2), 25-33. https://doi.org/10.56557/jogress/2024/v18i28671 DOI: https://doi.org/10.56557/jogress/2024/v18i28671
Jin, S., Im, K., Yoo, M., Roll, I., & Seo, K. (2023). Supporting students’ self-regulated learning in online learning using artificial intelligence applications. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 20(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-023-00406-5 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-023-00406-5
Jordan, B., Devasia, N., Hong, J., Williams, R., & Breazeal, C. (2021). Poseblocks: a toolkit for creating (and dancing) with ai. Proceedings of the Aaai Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 35(17), 15551-15559. https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v35i17.17831 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v35i17.17831
Karimi, H. (2023). The impact of artificial intelligence on higher education in England. Creative Education, 14(12), 2405-2415. https://doi.org/10.4236/ce.2023.1412154 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4236/ce.2023.1412154
Karamthulla, M. (2023). Optimizing resource allocation in cloud infrastructure through ai automation: a comparative study. Journal of Knowledge Learning and Science Technology Issn 2959-6386 (Online), 2(2), 315-326. https://doi.org/10.60087/jklst.vol2.n2.p326 DOI: https://doi.org/10.60087/jklst.vol2.n2.p326
Khatri, B. (2023). Artificial intelligence (ai) in higher education: growing academic integrity and ethical concerns. Nepalese Journal of Development and Rural Studies, 20(01), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.3126/njdrs.v20i01.64134 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3126/njdrs.v20i01.64134
Kim, S. (2023). Change in attitude toward artificial intelligence through experiential learning in artificial intelligence education. International Journal on Advanced Science Engineering and Information Technology, 13(5), 1953-1959. https://doi.org/10.18517/ijaseit.13.5.19039 DOI: https://doi.org/10.18517/ijaseit.13.5.19039
Klímová, B., Pikhart, M., & Kacetl, J. (2023). Ethical issues of the use of AI-driven mobile apps for education. Frontiers in Public Health, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.1118116 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.1118116
Kranz, A. (2024). The impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on midwifery education: a scoping review. Healthcare, 12(11), 1082. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12111082 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12111082
Krutka, D., Manca, S., Galvin, S., Greenhow, C., Koehler, M., Askari, E.: Teaching “against” social media: confronting problems of profit in the curriculum. Teachers College Record 121(14), 1–42 (2019) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/016146811912101410
Knowles, M. (2021). Five motivating concerns for ai ethics instruction. Proceedings of the Association for Information Science and Technology, 58(1), 472-476. https://doi.org/10.1002/pra2.481 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/pra2.481
Kuleto, V., Ilić, M., Dumangiu, M., Ranković, M., Martins, O., Păun, D., … & Mihoreanu, L. (2021). Exploring opportunities and challenges of artificial intelligence and machine learning in higher education institutions. Sustainability, 13(18), 10424. https://doi.org/10.3390/su131810424 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su131810424
Lee, J., Wu, S, A., Li, D., Kulasegaram, M, k., (2021). Artificial intelligence in Undergraduate Medical Education; A scoping Review. DOI:10.1097/ACM.000000000000429 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/ACM.0000000000004291
Li, H. (2023). Ai in education: bridging the divide or widening the gap? exploring equity, opportunities, and challenges in the digital age. Advances in Education Humanities and Social Science Research, 8(1), 355. https://doi.org/10.56028/aehssr.8.1.355.2023 DOI: https://doi.org/10.56028/aehssr.8.1.355.2023
Lin, X., Chen, L., Chan, K., Peng, S., Chen, X., Liu, J., … & Hu, Q. (2022). Teachers’ perceptions of teaching sustainable artificial intelligence: a design frame perspective. Sustainability, 14(13), 7811. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14137811 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su14137811
Liu, M. (2023). Exploring the application of artificial intelligence in foreign language teaching: challenges and future development. SHS Web of Conferences, 168, 03025. https://doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202316803025 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202316803025
Liu, Y., Chen, L., & Yao, Z. (2022). The application of artificial intelligence assistant to deep learning in teachers' teaching and students' learning processes. Frontiers in Psychology, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.929175 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.929175
López-Chila, R. (2023). Artificial intelligence in higher education: an analysis of existing bibliometrics. Education Sciences, 14(1), 47. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci14010047 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci14010047
Long, B. Megerko. (2020). What is AI literacy? Competencies and design considerations. CHI '20: Proceedings of the 2020 CHI conference on human factors in computing systems, pp. 1-16, 10.1145/3313831.3376 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1145/3313831.3376727
Luckin, R. (2017). Towards artificial intelligence-based assessment systems. Nature Human Behaviour, 1(5), 1-3. DOI:10.1038/s41562-016-0028 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-016-0028
Mahligawati, F. (2023). Artificial intelligence in physics education: a comprehensive literature review. Journal of Physics Conference Series, 2596(1), 012080. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2596/1/012080 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2596/1/012080
Martins, C., Zaraté, P., Almeida, A., Almeida, J., & Morais, D. (2021). Web-based dss for resource allocation in higher education. International Journal of Decision Support System Technology, 13(4), 1-23. https://doi.org/10.4018/ijdsst.2021100105 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4018/IJDSST.2021100105
NAGI, F., Salih, R., Alzubaidi, M., Shah, H., Alam, T., Shah, Z., … & Househ, M. (2023). Applications of artificial intelligence (AI) in medical education: a scoping review. https://doi.org/10.3233/shti230581 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3233/SHTI230581
Ng, D. (2023). Design and validation of the AI literacy questionnaire: the affective, behavioural, cognitive and ethical approach. British Journal of Educational Technology, 55(3), 1082-1104. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjet.13411 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/bjet.13411
Ng, D., Leung, J., Chu, K., & Qiao, M. (2021). AI literacy: definition, teaching, evaluation and ethical issues. Proceedings of the Association for Information Science and Technology, 58(1), 504-509. https://doi.org/10.1002/pra2.487 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/pra2.487
Nguyen, G., Nguyen, N., & Giang, N. (2022). Situation and proposals for implementing artificial intelligence-based instructional technology in Vietnamese secondary schools. International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (Ijet), 17(18), 53-75. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v17i18.31503 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v17i18.31503
Nguyen, A., Ngo, H., Hong, Y., Dang, B., & Nguyen, B. (2022). Ethical principles for artificial intelligence in education. Education and Information Technologies, 28(4), 4221-4241. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-022-11316-w DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-022-11316-w
Orji, C. (2023). Application of artificial intelligence and machine learning in diagnosing scaphoid fractures: a systematic review. Cureus. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.47732 DOI: https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.47732
Rütti-Joy, O. (2023). Building AI literacy for sustainable teacher education. Zeitschrift Für Hochschulentwicklung, 18(4), 175-189. https://doi.org/10.21240/zfhe/18-04/10 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21240/zfhe/18-04/10
Salhab, R. (2024). AI literacy across curriculum design: investigating college instructor’s perspectives. Online Learning, 28(2). https://doi.org/10.24059/olj.v28i2.4426 DOI: https://doi.org/10.24059/olj.v28i2.4426
Sapci, A., & Sapci, H. (2020). Artificial intelligence education and tools for medical and health informatics students: systematic review. JMIR Medical Education, 6(1), e19285. https://doi.org/10.2196/19285 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2196/19285
Schleiss, J. (2023). Ai course design planning framework: developing domain-specific ai education courses. Education Sciences, 13(9), 954. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci13090954 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci13090954
Teng, M, Singla, R., Yau, O., Lamoureux, D., Gupta, A., Hu, Z., Hu, R., Aissiou, A., Eaton, S., Hamm, C., Hu, S., Kelly, D., MacMillan, K.M., Malik, S., Mazzoli, V., Teng, Y., Laricheva, M., Jarus, T., T.S. Field Healthcare students' Perspectives on artificial Intelligence Countrywide Survey in Canada, 8 (1) (2022), Article e33390, 10.2196/33390 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2196/33390
Vallis, C., Wilson, S., Gozman, D., & Buchanan, J. (2023). Student perceptions of ai-generated avatars in teaching business ethics: we might not be impressed. Postdigital Science and Education, 6(2), 537-555. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42438-023-00407-7 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42438-023-00407-7
Wang, S. (2023). Improving college teachers (CT) information-based teaching ability in the era of artificial intelligence (AI). 1188-1192. https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-040-4_177 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-040-4_177
Wang, Y. (2020). Educational equity in the age of artificial intelligence—taking the construction of rural teachers as an example. Us-China Education Review A, 10(4). https://doi.org/10.17265/2161-623x/2020.04.005 DOI: https://doi.org/10.17265/2161-623X/2020.04.005
Wood, E., Ange, B., & Miller, D. (2021). Are we ready to integrate artificial intelligence literacy into medical school curriculum: students and faculty survey. Journal of Medical Education and Curricular Development, 8. https://doi.org/10.1177/23821205211024078 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/23821205211024078
Xiang, J. (2023). Promoting innovation and practice of introduction to artificial intelligence course with curriculum civics as a handle. Asian Journal of Education and Social Studies, 41(3), 30-36. https://doi.org/10.9734/ajess/2023/v41i3897 DOI: https://doi.org/10.9734/ajess/2023/v41i3897
Zhang, H., Lee, I., Ali, S., DiPaola, D., Cheng, Y., & Breazeal, C. (2022). Integrating ethics and career futures with technical learning to promote AI literacy for middle school students: an exploratory study. International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, 33(2), 290-324. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40593-022-00293-3 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40593-022-00293-3
Zhao, L., Wu, X., & Luo, H. (2022). Developing AI literacy for primary and middle school teachers in China: based on a structural equation modeling analysis. Sustainability, 14(21), 14549. https://doi.org/10.3390/su142114549 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su142114549
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Tlalane Mosae, Dr. Rekha Kaushal

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
With the licence CC-BY, authors retain the copyright, allowing anyone to download, reuse, re-print, modify, distribute, and/or copy their contribution. The work must be properly attributed to its author.
It is not necessary to ask for further permission from the author or journal board.
This journal provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge.