INDIA’S SOFT POWER DIPLOMACY: LEVERAGING CULTURE, DIASPORA, AND YOGA FOR GLOBAL INFLUENCE

Authors

  • Durgesh Verma Department of Political Science Satyawati College (E) (University of Delhi) New Delhi, India 110052

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29121/shodhkosh.v4.i2.2023.3846

Keywords:

Soft Power, Cultural Diplomacy, Indian Diaspora,, Yoga Diplomacy,, Global Influence,, Public Diplomacy,, Bollywood, Cultural Heritage, Foreign Policy,, Geopolitics, China's Foreign Policy, Health Diplomacy, ICCR, Global Perception, Digital Diplomacy

Abstract [English]

The cultural past, large diaspora, and global yoga popularity has made India's soft power diplomacy ever more crucial in its search of world influence. India's cultural diplomacy is playing a pivotal role in interconnected world where the expression of a nation's identity may eclipse traditional hard power dynamics. Particularly by focusing on initiatives such as the ICCR and international cultural events; this study explores how India effectively uses its artistic, musical, and cinematic resources to raise its global presence. One of the largest diasporas globally, which serves as an unofficial ambassador for India helps to enhance India’s prominence both politically and economically. Initiatives undertaken by the government, like Pravasi Bharatiya Divas and various diaspora involvement, have strengthened these relations centralising the diaspora in India's soft power strategy. Yoga, rooted deeply in India's spiritual and intellectual traditions, has gone global and enhances India's reputation as a nation of peace, wellness, and spirituality. The International Day of Yoga, approved by the UN in 2015, has been rather successful underscoring India's leadership in health and wellness diplomacy. India’s soft power diplomacy has to negotiate geopolitics, internal socio-political issues, and competition from other developing countries. Notwithstanding these obstacles, public diplomacy, online platforms, and higher education give India's soft power opportunity for rather significant development. India is becoming more and more relevant worldwide by making appropriate use of its diaspora and cultural treasures. This paper highlights the significant potential of India's soft power diplomacy to influence its overseas relations, thereby enhancing its leadership in the twenty-first century, through the use of culture, diaspora, and yoga.

References

Blarel, N. (2012). India’s Soft Power: From Potential to Reality?. In India: The next superpower. LSE Ideas. LSE. London. 28-33.

Chacko, P. (2013). Indian foreign policy: the politics of postcolonial identity from 1947 to 2004. Routledge DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203147733

Davis, A. E. (2021). India's Public Diplomacy Re-posturing. In The Frontiers of Public Diplomacy: Hegemony, Morality and Power in the International Sphere. Routledge. 131-145. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429325120-8

Ghosh, P. (2019). India's Transition from Post-Colonial Regional Power to a Major Bridging Power in 21st Century Global Politics. Mapping South Asia, 161.

Hall, I. (2012). India's new public diplomacy. Asian Survey, 52(6), 1089-1110. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1525/as.2012.52.6.1089

Khanna, S., & Moorthy, P. (2017). Analysing India’s soft power functioning in the twenty-first century: Possibilities and challenges. India Quarterly, 73(3), 292-311. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0974928417716224

Khara, N. K. (2018). Understanding of India’s Soft Power Dynamics. Asian Review of Social Sciences, 7(3), 123–131. DOI: https://doi.org/10.51983/arss-2018.7.3.1456

Khara, N. K., & Satapathy, B. (2022). Role of Soft Power in India’s Foreign Policy. Research Review Journal of Social Science, 2(2), 18-25. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31305/rrjss.2022.v02.n02.003

Kishwar, S. (2018). The rising role of Buddhism in India’s soft power strategy. Observer Research Foundation (Issue Brief), 228, 1-12.

Kugiel, P. (2017). India’s soft power: A new foreign policy strategy. London. Routledge. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315272139

Lahiri, S. (2017). Soft power-a major tool in Modi’s foreign policy kit. Journal of South Asian Studies, 5(1), 39-47.

Mahapatra, D. A. (2016). From a latent to a ‘strong’soft power? The evolution of India’s cultural diplomacy. Palgrave Communications, 2(1), 1-11. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/palcomms.2016.91

Mazumdar, A. (2018). India’s soft power diplomacy under the Modi administration: Buddhism, diaspora and yoga. Asian Affairs, 49(3), 468-491. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/03068374.2018.1487696

Mazumdar, A. (2020). India’s Public Diplomacy in the Twenty-First Century: Components, Objectives and Challenges. India Quarterly, 76(1), 24-39. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0974928419901188

Ministry of External Affairs, India. (2020). Soft Power: India’s Cultural Diplomacy. Retrieved from https://www.mea.gov.in/images/ Soft_Power_Booklet.pdf

Mohan, C. R. (2003). Indian diaspora and `soft power. The Hindu. https://www.mea.gov.in/articles in indian media.htm?dtl/15256/Indian+diaspora+and+soft+power

Mol, R., Singh, B., Chattu, V. K., Kaur, J., & Singh, B. (2022). India’s health diplomacy as a soft power tool towards Africa: humanitarian and geopolitical analysis. Journal of Asian and African Studies, 57(6), 1109-1125. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/00219096211039539

Mullen, R. D. (2015). India’s soft power. In David M. Malone et.al. The Oxford handbook of Indian foreign policy. OUP. 188-201.

Nye, J. S. (1990). Bound to Lead: The Changing Nature of American Power. Basic Books. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2151022

Nye, J. S. (1990a). Soft Power. Foreign Policy, (80), 153-171. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/1148580

Nye, J. S. (2004). Soft power: The means to success in world politics. Public affairs.

Nye, J. S. (2009). Soft Power and Smart Power. In Nye J. & Scowcroft B. (Authors) & Campbell K. & Price J. (Eds.), The Instruments & Institutions of American Purpose (pp. 29-33). Aspen Institute. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctt19x3gp9.5

Patgiri, R., Rahul, K., & Kumar, S. (2022). COVID-19 Pandemic and India’s Regional Soft Power Diplomacy. Journal of Polity and Society, 14(1).

Paul TV. (2014) Indian Soft Power in a Globalizing World. Current History.1(1):1-16.

Pradhan, R., & Mohapatra, A. (2020). India’s diaspora policy: evidence of soft power diplomacy under Modi. South Asian Diaspora, 12(2), 145-161. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/19438192.2020.1712792

Srinivas, J. (2019). Modi's Cultural Diplomacy and Role of Indian Diaspora. Central European Journal of International & Security Studies, 13(2). DOI: https://doi.org/10.51870/CEJISS.A130201

Tharoor, S. (2013). Pax Indica: India and the world of the twenty-first century. Penguin UK.

Thussu, D. (2016). The Historical Context of India’s Soft Power. In Communicating India’s soft power: Buddha to Bollywood. Springer.

Thussu, D. (2019). The soft power of popular cinema–the case of India. In Emerging Powers in International Politics (pp. 81-95). Routledge. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315197159-5

Thussu, D. (2020). The Soft Power of India. Lumina, 14(1), 111–124. DOI: https://doi.org/10.34019/1981-4070.2020.v14.30137

Wagner, C. (2010). India’s Soft Power: Prospects and Limitations. India Quarterly, 66(4), 333-342. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/097492841006600401

Downloads

Published

2023-12-31

How to Cite

Verma, D. (2023). INDIA’S SOFT POWER DIPLOMACY: LEVERAGING CULTURE, DIASPORA, AND YOGA FOR GLOBAL INFLUENCE. ShodhKosh: Journal of Visual and Performing Arts, 4(2), 3470–3480. https://doi.org/10.29121/shodhkosh.v4.i2.2023.3846