RITUALS OF RESISTANCE: DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF THEYYAM IN KERALA'S FOLK TRADITIONS

Abstract [English]

Theyyam is a distinctive form of worship practiced by the people of Northern Kerala, characterized by a unique blend of symbols, rituals, and art forms, particularly dance. This vibrant ritual, also referred to as Theyyattam, is prevalent in the Kolathu Nadu region and serves as a significant Hindu worship tradition. With roots tracing back centuries, Theyyam encompasses a wide array of customs and rituals that engage nearly all castes and classes within the Hindu community in this area. This art form is not only a spectacular display of dance and music but also reflects crucial elements of tribal culture. During Theyyam performances, both benevolent and malevolent spirits are believed to manifest through the dancers, who embody these divine entities. The practice illustrates the deep spiritual connection between the performers and the deities they represent, showcasing an intricate tapestry of cultural heritage that continues to thrive in contemporary society. This paper offers a critical examination of Theyyam, a ritualistic art form from Kerala with a tradition spanning over a thousand years. The theoretical framework surrounding discourse analysis, which possesses a philosophical dimension, has not been extensively explored within cultural studies. As Theyyam is an indigenous art form that has been the subject of numerous folklore studies, it is rich in discourses that reflect its historical significance and contemporary status as a folk ritualistic practice.