THE CONCEPT OF ALAṄKĀRA IN SANSKRIT POETICS

Abstract [English]

As ornaments embellish the body, so do figures of speech adorn language. Traditionally and most commonly defined as ornamentation, Alaṅkāra transcends mere decoration, serving as a vital mechanism for evoking rasa - aesthetic experience and enhancing the emotional resonance of poetic works. These ornaments are classified into two main categories: Śabda-alaṅkāra (sound-based ornaments) and Artha-alaṅkāra (meaning-based ornaments). Śabda-alaṅkāra focus on the musicality and rhythmic aspect of language. Artha-alaṅkāra deal with the conceptual and interpretive aspect of language. Alaṅkāra plays an integral role in the poetic process as it bridges the gap between the literal and the figurative. Hence it enables poetry to transcend ordinary language and touch upon the sublime. In this way, alaṅkāra is not just a decorative element but a fundamental aspect of Sanskrit poetics, central to the creation and appreciation of poetic art. Ultimately, this exploration reaffirms alankara's status as an essential pillar of Sanskrit aesthetics, illuminating the profound connection between artistry and the human experience in the realm of poetry.