REVISITING OF MEASUREMENT OF FINANCIAL INCLUSION OF RURAL DOMINATED STATES OF INDIA: USING CRISIL INCLUSIX METHODOLOGY

Authors

  • Rayees Ahmad Hajam Research Scholar, AMU Aligarh, India
  • Dr. Abdul Azeez N. P Assistant Professor, AMU, Aligarh, India
  • Mudasir Rajab Research Scholar, AMU Aligarh, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29121/shodhkosh.v5.i1.2024.1655

Keywords:

CRISIL Inclusix, Financial Inclusion, Index of Financial Inclusion, Branch Dimension

Abstract [English]

The purpose of the paper is to measure the level of financial inclusion across rural-dominated states of India and to find the reasons for the low financial inclusion scores. The CRISIL Inclusix methodology was employed using secondary data for all dimensions of financial inclusion. All the dimensions of financial inclusion were calculated separately to create a financial inclusion index for each state separately. The financial inclusion index ranges from 0 to 1 after the normalisation process. As 0 represents no financial inclusion, and 1 represents complete financial inclusion. Himachal Pradesh obtained the maximum score of 94.2 and was put in the high category, while Meghalaya received the lowest score of 16.84 and was placed in the low category. The remaining selected states, Arunachal Pradesh, Jharkhand, Uttar Pradesh, and Chhattisgarh, obtained scores of 32.8, 26.76, 26.72, and 22.68, respectively, placing them in the low category.

References

Van Klyton, A.; Tavera-Mesias, J.F.; Castano-Munoz, W. (2021), Innovation Resistance and mobile banking in rural Colombia. J. Rural Stud, Vol. 81, pp.269–280. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2020.10.035

Agwu, M.E. (2021), Can Technology Bridge the Gap Between Rural Development and Financial Inclusions? Technol. Anal. Strateg. Manag. Vol,33, pp.123–133. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09537325.2020.1795111

Ambarkhane, D., Singh, A.S. and Venkataramani, B. (2014), “Measuring Financial Inclusion of Indian States”, International Journal of Rural Management, Vol. 12 No. 1, pp. 72-100. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0973005216633940

Arora, R.U. (2010), “Measuring Financial Access”, Griffith University, Discussion Paper Economics, No-7.

Bagil, S. and Dutta, P. (2012), “A Study of Financial Inclusion in India”, Journal of Radix International Educational and Research Consortium, Vol. 8 No. 1.

Bihari, S.C. (2011), “Growth Through Financial Inclusion in India”, Journal of International Business Ethics, Vol. 5 No. 1, pp. 28-41.

Burgess, R. and Pande, R. (2005), “Do rural banks matter? Evidence from the Indian social banking experiment”, American Economic Review, Vol. 95 No. 3, pp. 780-795.

Burgess, R., Wong, G. and Pande, R. (2005), “Banking for The Poor: Evidence from India”, Journal of the European Economic Association, Vol. 3 Nos 2/3, pp. 268-278. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1162/jeea.2005.3.2-3.268

Chakravarty, S.R. and Pal, R. (2013), “Financial Inclusion in India: An Axiomatic Approach”, Journal of Policy Modeling, Vol. 35 No. 5, pp. 813-837. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpolmod.2012.12.007

Inoue, T. (2011), “Financial Inclusion and Poverty Alleviation in India: An Empirical Analysis Using State Wise Data”, Inclusiveness in India, Palgrave Macmillan, London, pp. 88-108. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230304956_4

Kodan, A.S. and Chhikara, K.S. (2013), “A Theoretical and Quantitative Analysis of Financial Inclusion and Economic Growth”, Management and Labour Studies, Vol. 38 Nos 1/2, pp. 103-133. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0258042X13498009

Kumar, A. (2004), “Declining Trend in Rural Credit Delivery in India: A Trend Break Analysis of Univariate Series,” Social Science Research Network, available at: www.ssrn.com DOI: https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.605522

Kumar, C. and Mishra, S. (2009), Banking Outreach and Household Level Access: Analyzing Financial Inclusion in India, IGIDR, Mumbai.

Kuri, P.K. and Laha, A. (2011), “Financial Inclusion and Human Development in India: An Inter-State Analysis”, Indian Journal of Human Development, Vol. 5 No. 1, pp. 61-77. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0973703020110103

Laha, A. (2015), “Association Between Financial Inclusion and Human Development in South Asia: A Cross- Country Analysis with Special Reference to India”, Journal of Economic Policy and Research, Vol. 10 No. 2, pp. 69-91.

Laha, A. and Kuri, P.K. (2014), “Demand for And Supply of Financial Inclusion in India: An Inter-State Analysis”, ELK Asia Pacific Journal of Finance and Risk Management, Vol. 5 No. 1, pp. 103-116.

Leyshon Andrew and Thrift Nigel (1995): Geographies of Financial Exclusion-financial abandonment in Britain and the United States, Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, Vol 20, Issue 3, pp 312-341. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/622654

Lenka, S.K. and Sharma, R. (2017), “Does Financial Inclusion Spur Economic Growth in India?”, The Journal of Developing Areas, Vol. 51 No. 3, pp. 215-228, doi: 10.1353/jda.2017.0069. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1353/jda.2017.0069

Gupte, R., Venkataramani, B. and Gupta, D. (2012), “Computation of Financial Inclusion Index for India”, Procedia-Social and Behavioural Sciences, Vol. 37, pp. 133-149.

Pal, D. and Sapre, A. (2010), “How Have Government Policies Driven Rural Credit in India: A Brief Empirical Analysis, 1969-2009”, Indian Institute of management Ahmadabad, W.P. No-2010-12- 02, pp. 1-15.

Park, C.Y. and Mercado, R.V. (2016), “Does Financial Inclusion Reduce Poverty and Income Inequality in Developing Asia?”, in Gopalan, S. and Kikuchi, T. (Eds), Financial Inclusion in Asia. Palgrave Studies in Impact Finance, Palgrave Macmillan, London. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-58337-6_3

Raichoudhury, A. (2016), “Financial Inclusion & Human Development: A Cross Country Analysis”, Asian Journal of Business Research, Vol. 6 No. 1, pp. 34-48. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14707/ajbr.160020

Singh, C., Mittal, A., Goenka, A., Goud, C.P., Ram, K., Suresh, V.R., Chandrakar, R., Garg, R. and Kumar, U. (2014), “Financial Inclusion In India: Select Issues”, IIMB-WP N0. 474, pp. 1-43. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2532876

Yadav, P., & Sharma, A. K. (2016). Financial Inclusion in India: An Application of TOPSIS. Humanomics, 32(3), 328–351. https://doi.org/10.1108/H-09-2015-0061 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/H-09-2015-0061

Cámara, N., & Tuesta, D. (2015). Measuring Financial Inclusion: A Multidimensional Index (BBVA Research Working Paper No. 26). Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2634616 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2634616

Chattopadhyay, S. K. (2011). Financial Inclusion in India: A Case-Study of West Bengal (RBI Working Paper Series – WPS (DEPR): 8/2011). Retrieved January 22, 2012, from http:// www. rbidocs.rbi.org.in

Gupte, R., Venkataramani, B., & Gupta, D. (2012). Computation Of Financial Inclusion Index for India. Procedia: Social and Behavioral Sciences, 37, 133–149. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j. sbspro.2012.03.281 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.03.281

Beck, T., Demirgüç-Kunt, A., & Honohan, P. (2009). Access To Financial Services: Measurement, Impact, And Policies. The World Bank research observer, 24, 119- 145. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/wbro/lkn008

Beck, T., Demirgüç-Kunt, A., & Levine, R. (2007). Finance, Inequality, and the Poor. Journal of Economic Growth, 12, 27-49. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10887-007-9010-6

Burgess, R., & Pande, R. (2005). Do Rural Banks Matter? Evidence From the Indian Social Banking Experiment. American Economic Review, 95, 780-795. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1257/0002828054201242

Greenwood, J., & Jovanovic, B. (1990). Financial Development, Growth, And the Distribution of Income. Journal of Political Economy, 98, 1076-1107. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/261720

Downloads

Published

2024-06-30

How to Cite

Hajam, R. A., N. P, A. A., & Rajab, M. (2024). REVISITING OF MEASUREMENT OF FINANCIAL INCLUSION OF RURAL DOMINATED STATES OF INDIA: USING CRISIL INCLUSIX METHODOLOGY. ShodhKosh: Journal of Visual and Performing Arts, 5(1), 1409–1419. https://doi.org/10.29121/shodhkosh.v5.i1.2024.1655