HINDUSTANI CLASSICAL MUSIC AND ITS PRINCIPLES

Abstract [English]

Indian classical music is one of the most accomplished ancient art forms of the world. This music tradition represents music of different genres which has been merged with ritualistic, folk, and cultural expression of the landmass. The history of Indian music can be broadly divided into three major periods as- Ancient, Medieval and Modern. Indian music has a highly coloured and fascinating history of the legends and traditions to be found in the ancient texts, conserved, and passed down through the continuing cycles of ages, and the ravages of time. Indian music had stably stood as an original and ancient along its norms, and systems that had been handed through generations from ancient period and Medieval period passing on the Modern period with all the musical texts- oral and written scriptures ceremonies and performances in the present forms and features abounding in historical perspectives. The communication of different musical styles endemic and multicultural has resulted in the two broad tradition of Indian classical music i.e., North Indian classical music (Hindustani music) and South Indian classical music (Carnatic music) which has evolved into two distinct forms. Even though there are differences in the forms and styles of these two music systems, the basic elements of swara, raga and tala are the foundation of both the system. Raga works to elaborate and explore the melodic and emotional prospects of various sets of notes merge with tala. Tala measures the time cycle of the creative framework of raga for rhythmic improvisation using time. It attains its full form with the contribution of great scholars, musician and composers who mainly emphasized on the modern theory of music standardization of musical material techniques of Raga developments, principles of the music system which attempts to form a new era in Hindustani music.