INTRODUCING IN VITRO EXPERIMENTS OF OXYGEN BUBBLES SHOCKWAVES TRIGGERING INTRACELLULAR LIPIDS LUMINESCENCE: IMPLICATIONS IN CANCER ETIOLOGY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v7.i4.2019.921Keywords:
Intracellular Lipids Membrane, Cancer Genesis, Lipid Droplets Luminescence, DNA Damage, H2O2 Breakdown, Bursting Oxygen Bubbles, Cancer Immortality, DNA Lipid BondingAbstract [English]
Background
The main purpose of this manuscript is to introduce a mechanism supporting a previously hypothesized factor in cancer origin, where endogenous energy emission during cell respiration was identified as additional factor in cancer origin. Recent published reports identify the pressure profile of shockwaves as causing lipid droplets membrane deformation. Lipid metabolism has been highlighted to have a key role in cancer metabolism, and metastasis; for example, several publications have suggested targeting lipid metabolism of cancer cells as a strategy to control metastasis. New studies have revealed that lipid layers are responsible for the storage and discharge of static electricity. This manuscript introduces shockwaves from oxygen bubbles bursts as a mechanism causing intracellular lipids discharge or static electricity. The effect causes shape changes of lipid droplets up to a light emission stage.
Materials and Methods
Cheek cells intracellular material, including DNA strands and lipid droplets were precipitated in a test tube by following written instructions on DNA precipitation published online by The University of Michigan. The DNA precipitate was transferred onto a clean glass slide and covered by a similar one and dubbed a sandwich (SDW). A slide assembly was developed where the effect of oxygen bubbles cavitation-induced shockwaves on the trapped DNA precipitate and lipid droplets were recorded. Microphotographs and video recordings were stored in a computer via a video-microscope.
Results
Lipid droplets exposed to prolonged shockwaves energy were documented to undergo recurrent expanding architectural deformation up to a final contracting phase where light was emitted.
Conclusions
Intracellular lipid droplets are ubiquitously present in cells; and recent research has shown their expanded roles in cellular signaling in both mitotic and non-mitotic cells. In cancer, one highlighted key role is the potential of lipid metabolism in metastatic colonization. Data introduced in this manuscript demonstrates a direct consequence of ROS (H2O2) decomposition (via oxygen bubbles bursts) as a trigger for lipid intracellular droplets emission of light radiation, thus supporting a previously proposed biophysical mechanism in cancer origin.
Downloads
References
Harman D. Aging: a theory based on free radical and radiation chemistry. J Gerontol. 1956;11(3):298–300. doi: 10.1093/geronj/11.3.298. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/geronj/11.3.298
Embi A. A. Endogenous electromagnetic forces emissions during cell respiration as additional factor in cancer origin. Cancer cell international, 2016. 16, 60. doi:10.1186/s12935-016-0337-y16: 60. Published online 2016 Jul 28. doi: 10.1186/s12935-016-0337-y PMID: 27471435 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12935-016-0337-y
S Baig et al. (2016) Potential of apoptotic pathway-targeted cancer therapeutic research: Where do we stand? Cell Death & Disease 2016 volume 7, page e2058 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/cddis.2015.275
Megan L. Sulciner et al. (2018) Targeting lipid mediators in cancer biology. Cancer and Metastasis Reviews September 2018, Volume 37, Issue 2–3, pp 557–572.
Walther TC, Chung J, Farese RV Jr. (2017) Lipid Droplet Biogenesis. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol. 2017 Oct 6;33:491-510. doi: 10.1146/annurev-cellbio-100616-060608. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-cellbio-100616-060608
Dong Wook Kim Sang‐Woo Kim Unyong Jeong. (2018) Lipids: Source of Static Electricity of Regenerative Natural Substances and Nondestructive Energy Harvesting. Advance materials. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201804949
Embi AA, (2019) “THE PARAMAGNETISM AND SHOCK WAVES EFFECTS OF INTACT OR RUPTURED OXYGEN BUBBLES CAUSING PROKARYOTIC AND EUKARYOTIC CELLS DEFORMATIONS: SUPPORTING THE HYPOTHESIS OF CELL RESPIRATION AS ADDITIONAL FACTOR IN CANCER ORIGING.” International Journal of Research - Granthaalayah, 2019 7(3), 177-188. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2619530.
DNA EXTRACTION- Michigan DNA DAY. Instructions
Liu Q et al. Targeting lipid metabolism of cancer cells: A promising therapeutic strategy for cancer. (2018) Cancer Lett. Cancer Metastasis Rev. 2018 Sep;37(2-3):557-572. doi: 10.1007/s10555-018-9754-9.
Sulciner, M.L., Gartung, A., Gilligan, M.M., Serhan, C.N., & Panigrahy, D. Targeting lipid mediators in cancer biology.(2018) Cancer and Metastasis Reviews 2018, 37, 557-572. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10555-018-9754-9
Ratushny, V Gober, M. D., Hick, R., Ridky, T. W., & Seykora, J. T. (2012) From keratinocyte to cancer: the pathogenesis and modeling of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. The Journal of clinical investigation, 2012 122(2), 464-72. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI57415
Na, N., Chandel, N. S., Litvan, J., & Ridge, K. M. (2010) Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species are required for hypoxia-induced degradation of keratin intermediate filaments. FASEB journal 2010: official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, 24. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1096/fj.08-128967
Ponec M, Weerheim A, Kempenaar J, et al. (1988) Lipid composition of cultured human keratinocytes in relation to their differentiation. J Lipid Res. 1988 Jul;29(7):949-61
Jacobson, J., & Sherlag, B. (2015). Aging and magnetism: Presenting a possible new holistic paradigm for ameliorating the aging process and the effects thereof, through externally applied physiologic PicoTesla magnetic fields. Medical hypotheses, 85 3, 276-86. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mehy.2015.05.018
Jacobson JI (2016) Analysis: Magnetic Resonance Targets Telomeres/Telomerase for Cancer Treatment? Innov Ener Res 5: 135.
Dong Wook Kim Sang‐Woo Kim Unyong Jeong. (2018) Lipids: Source of Static Electricity of Regenerative Natural Substances and Nondestructive Energy Harvesting. Advance materials. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201804949 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201804949
Zhang C, Yang L. Ding Y. et al. Bacterial lipid droplets bind to DNA via an intermediary protein that enhances survival under stress. (2017) Nat Commun. Jul 6;8:15979. doi: 10.1038/ncomms15979. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms15979
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
With the licence CC-BY, authors retain the copyright, allowing anyone to download, reuse, re-print, modify, distribute, and/or copy their contribution. The work must be properly attributed to its author.
It is not necessary to ask for further permission from the author or journal board.
This journal provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge.