International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF KNOWLEDGE AND PREVENTIVE PRACTICES AMONG ADULTS REGARDING DENGUE IN SELECTED RURAL AND URBAN AREAS OF KHURDA DISTRICT, ODISHA

Amrita Sarkar, Subarna Adhya, Reshmi Das — Mon, 30 Sep 2024 00:00:00 +0000

A comparative study to assess the knowledge and preventive practices among adults regarding dengue in selected rural and urban areas of khurda district, odisha. The objective of the study was to assess and compare the knowledge and practices of adults regarding dengue and its prevention in selected rural and urban areas of Khurda, and to correlate knowledge with practices in both settings. The investigator utilized a descriptive survey research approach, incorporating both correlational and comparative designs. She selected adults 50 from rural and 50 from urban area of khurda district by non-probability convenience sampling technique. Data were gathered using a valid and reliable checklist along with a semi-structured interview schedule. The study revealed that urban residents have better mean knowledge and practices regarding dengue prevention compared to rural residents. While the majority of both rural (98%) and urban (100%) participants recognized fever and rash as signs of dengue, few were aware that headache, muscle pain, joint pain, and pain behind the eyes are also symptoms. A significant difference in knowledge was observed between rural and urban participants (z = 2.3), but no significant difference in practice (z = 1.9). There was a moderately positive correlation between knowledge and practice for both rural (r = 0.78) and urban (r = 0.42) residents, indicating that increased knowledge leads to better practices. his study has potential applications across various areas of nursing, including education, practice, research, and administration. It could be expanded by replicating it with a larger randomized sample in a different setting. Additionally, a comparative study could be carried out to examine the knowledge of dengue and its prevention between nursing students and general college students.

OSHO’S CONTRIBUTION TO HINDI LITERATURE

Shashank Tiwari — Mon, 30 Sep 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Rajneesh, also famously known as Osho has been prominent for the works in Hindi literature as a philosopher and spiritual leader. This review paper aims not only at demonstrating the extent of his literary output in detail but also in unravelling how he managed to fuse Hindu philosophies with secular philosophies of the twentieth century and how his literary work brought his ideas to masses and made philosophy cool through incorporating flavours of Hindi language. The critiques of societal norms, the focus on self- creation and awareness, on meditation, and freedom of consciousness were strictly stand out from typical spirituality books. His employing distinct mode of writing, variety in themes and the impact that his work holds even now are some of the points that identified his contribution

HYPERTENSION IN THE ELDERLY: CHALLENGES IN MANAGEMENT AND TREATMENT

Sanjay Dhiman, Anurag Chourasia — Mon, 30 Sep 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Hypertension is a prevalent and significant health issue among the elderly, contributing to increased risks of cardiovascular diseases, stroke, and kidney failure. Managing hypertension in older adults poses unique challenges due to age-related physiological changes, comorbidities, and polypharmacy. This review explores the complex pathophysiology of hypertension in the elderly, including age-related changes in vascular function and the impact of comorbid conditions. It examines the difficulties in diagnosing hypertension, such as variability in blood pressure readings, white coat syndrome, and masked hypertension, highlighting the need for accurate monitoring through home and ambulatory techniques. The review discusses current management strategies, emphasizing the importance of setting appropriate treatment goals, implementing lifestyle modifications, and utilizing pharmacological treatments, including new antihypertensive drugs and combination therapies. It also addresses challenges such as adverse drug reactions, medication adherence, and the management of polypharmacy. Recent advances, including innovations in drug delivery systems and digital health technologies, offer promising solutions for improving hypertension management. Future research directions include exploring precision medicine, understanding the role of the gut microbiome, and addressing health disparities. Clinicians are advised to adopt personalized treatment approaches, integrate technological tools, and address socioeconomic barriers to optimize hypertension management in the elderly. This review underscores the need for ongoing research and tailored strategies to improve outcomes and quality of life for older patients with hypertension.

HANUMANDHOKA DURBAR SQUARE: ENGAGING COMMUNITY AND SUSTAINABLE PRESERVATION IN A LIVING MUSEUM

Pashupati Nyaupane — Mon, 30 Sep 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Comprehensive investigation focuses on Hanumandhoka Durbar Square in Kathmandu, which is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a living museum with a wealth of artistic, architectural, and historical significance. The research emphasizes the site's mythical, religious, and cultural significance as well as how it has shaped traditions and practices. One of the key objectives of the research is to examine how Hanumandhoka can preserve its original while improving to become a unique museum. The research employs an interdisciplinary methodology to investigate how contemporary advancement might coexist with the conservation of cultural heritage. The methodology incorporates qualitative research techniques including field observations, interviews, and archival research with an ethnological approach. Stakeholder theory and cultural evolutionary theory were applied to analyze the interaction between the community and the evolving cultural practices within the site. The findings highlight that to ensure that the local population actively engages in the protection and promotion of cultural assets, community engagement has to be prioritized in preservation approaches. Furthermore, educational initiatives and environmentally conscious tourism practices are essential to maintaining Hanumandhoka sustainability as a cultural heart.

A REVIEW STUDY ON ROLE OF CONTRACEPTIVES AND THEIR VARIOUS TYPES.

Deeksha, Ompi Kumari, Soumya Bharadwaj — Mon, 30 Sep 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Contraception is the process used to stop unwanted pregnancy and control birth rate. Contraceptives reduces the chances of pregnancy after sexual intercourse. Contraceptives prevent pregnancies by interfering with the procedure of fertilization. Contraceptives reduces the chances of abortion by preventing unintended pregnancies on their partners, in which 842 million (44%) are modern using modern methods of Contraceptives are accessible in huge varieties and types . Numerous contraceptives are available, 790 million (42%) are traditional method users according the statistical data of 2019. The most common contraceptive techniques that are use of contraceptives are increasing day by day, 922 million of women of reproductive age used worldwide are female sterilization and male condoms, female sterilization are used in 219 million users (24%), male condoms are used in 189 million users (21%) according the data of 2019. The use of traditional methods and IUDs has reduced worldwide since 1994. According to WHO, The only form of birth control is a condom,that can prevent both unintended pregnancies and sexually transmitted diseases. The need of family planning is increased globally up to 77% from 2015 to 2020.. Over the past 20 years, the number of women using family planning methods has grown, rising from 900 million in 2020 to 2000 million. Use of modern contraceptive methods is also increased from 663 million to 851 million with the prevalence rate of 47.7% to 49.0%. Numerous contraceptive methods exist, including hormonal methods like CHC vaginal ring, CHC transdermal patch, and combination hormonal contraceptives. Progestin-only techniques include hormonal male contraceptives, progestin-only pills, DMPA injections, implants, and progestin-only IUDs. The other approach is non-hormonal and consists of vaginal pH modulators, barrier techniques like condoms, and copper IUDs. Traditional methods, such as the LAM method, the fertile cycle method, and the withdrawal approach, comprise the third type of contraception. Herbal contraceptives, which use a variety of herbs and plant preparations, are the fourth technique of birth control.

LICCHAVI INSCRIPTIONS: A CULTURAL MONUMENT OF KATHMANDU VALLEY

Sandhya Khanal Parajuli — Mon, 30 Sep 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Numbers of Licchavi inscriptions installed by the Licchavi rulers are found to be established around Kathmandu valley. They are profoundly installed since 5th century CE. Inscriptions are the authentic evidence that have made possible to construct a clear apparition of Licchavi age. They are potential from historical, cultural as well as monumental point of view. Inscriptions are concrete attest of several issues concerned to their reign and a strong indicator to mend the structure of an ancient settlements. They are not only source of defining tangible and intangible inheritances of the age but valuable monument associated with several cultural practices. Despite its historical significance, traditional practices related with this monument emerged through local perception have been an essential part of Nepalese culture through the time. In this context, what are the recent eminence of Licchavi inscriptions? How are they perceived by local communities and expressed through? And how far the inscriptions have been affected by traditional activities? are the questions or problems related to these valuable monuments that have been unanswered. To answers these queries have been attempted in this paper. To reveal the facts, primary and secondary sources have been adopted. Survey of inscriptions of the valley, collection of information through interviews and observation of traditional practices were conducted with the collection of photographs. Related literatures as a secondary source were consulted. The collected facts were analyzed to draw conclusion in a descriptive manner. From these facts, it has been revealed that Licchavi inscriptions as a monumental heritage are in crisis with several threats in lack of proper conservation. As per location they stand and the structural theme they comprise, they have been perceived as purposeful object or deities rather than a historical monument by local communities and are expressed by offering of materials with great belief and devotion. The tradition to some extent has been gradually ruining the inheritances and should be taken into consideration soon.

SYNTHESIS AND PHOTOLUMINESCENCE PROPERTIES OF Eu3+doped Sr2P2O7 PHOSPHORS

Atchyutha Rao, N. Bujji Babu, K.V.R. Murthy — Mon, 30 Sep 2024 00:00:00 +0000

In the present paper, it has been reported that the synthesis and photoluminescence properties of Eu3+doped Sr2P2O7 pyrophosphate phosphors were prepared by conventional solid state reaction method. The rare-earth ion-doped phosphors are significant while considering their stability and solubility. The assimilation of RE3+ activators into single-centered hosts up to complete changeover of entire cations offers the probability to obtain the pretended self-stimulated crystals. The luminescence investigations of a series of such complexes make available much-appreciated statistics in the optical applications. It increases in the activator concentration makes the luminescence materials brighter. Investigations on powder X-ray Diffraction (XRD), SEM, PL and FTIR have been carried out. And also, the luminescence properties such as excitation and emission spectra are determined.

THE RISE OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE IN 2023: A GLOBAL AND INDIAN HEALTHCARE PERSPECTIVE"- A SHORT COMMUNICATION

Dr. C. Madhavi — Sat, 05 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has reached alarming levels globally, and India is at the forefront of this crisis. In 2023, Indian hospitals are witnessing an increase in multidrug-resistant bacterial infections. This short communication highlights key examples of AMR from Indian hospitals, exploring common resistant bacterial strains, underlying causes, and strategies for mitigation. Data from tertiary care hospitals, national reports, and the Indian Network for Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance (INSAR) are reviewed to understand the depth of the issue and potential solutions.

ADDRESSING INFRASTRUCTURE GAPS IN MUMBAI’S 2-WHEELER EV CHARGING NETWORK: A FOCUS ON ACCESSIBILITY, USABILITY, AND USER FEEDBACK

Rashida Badri, Roopa Rao — Sat, 05 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Electric vehicles (EVs) are transforming transportation in Mumbai, with 2-wheeler EVs gaining significant traction among commuters. However, the insufficient availability and accessibility of charging infrastructure remain critical challenges. This study investigates the experiences of 2- wheeler EV users in Mumbai, focusing on the barriers they encounter when charging their vehicles. Given Mumbai’s dense traffic and urban complexities, limited charging points, long waiting times, and infrastructural constraints can hinder the user experience and discourage further adoption of EVs. The findings provide key insights into optimal charging station locations based on a comprehensive analysis of population density, traffic flow, and urban planning frameworks. Additionally, the study addresses the need for standardized charging protocols, advanced technologies, and user-friendly interfaces to enhance the usability of charging stations. The study emphasizes that addressing these challenges is crucial not only for the user experience but also for policymakers, urban planners, and stakeholders aiming to expand Mumbai’s EV infrastructure. Moreover, the environmental benefits of 2-wheeler EV adoption are examined, including reductions in energy consumption, carbon emissions, and overall environmental impact. By analyzing these factors, the research highlights the positive environmental outcomes of investing in robust charging infrastructure. Key challenges, such as high costs, feasibility concerns, and policy limitations, are also explored, offering a holistic understanding of the practical barriers to improving the EV charging network. The study concludes with actionable recommendations aimed at overcoming these challenges, fostering sustainable growth, and ensuring the efficient deployment of 2-wheeler EV charging infrastructure across Mumbai.

OPTIMAL STRATEGIES FOR IMPLEMENTING MULTIDISCIPLINARY AND TRANS DISCIPLINARY EDUCATION IN MANAGEMENT PROGRAMS: INSIGHTS FROM GOAN COLLEGES

Nigel Barreto, Dr. Cedric Silveira — Wed, 09 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This study looks into the factors that influence the quality of management education offered by Goa-based institutes by using a thorough examination of important variables. It provides detailed insights through the use of data on interdisciplinary research centres, faculty cooperation, interdisciplinary electives, cross-institutional relationships, and experiential learning opportunities. The results highlight a paradigm shift towards comprehensive and contextually appropriate educational frameworks by revealing a greater emphasis on faculty partnerships, cross-departmental teaching, practical engagement or experimental learning possibilities, and integrated curriculum creation. Remarkably, multidisciplinary research institutes show unrealized promise, possibly due to the expense associated with them. This study offers practical suggestions for Goan educational institutions to improve their curricula while yet being adaptable to changing business needs and worldwide patterns. It contributes to the conversation on management education by providing suggestions for promoting academic excellence through multidisciplinary studies, experiential learning, and strategic alliances.