AN ASSESSMENT OF GROSS BETA RADIOACTIVITY CONCENTRATION IN WELL WATER IN SOME PARTS OF KADUNA SOUTH AND ENVIRONS, NIGERIA

A. A. Kassimu; Gyuk; Ahmadu; Aboh; Dogara; Ali

doi:10.29121/granthaalayah.v5.i10.2017.2290

Authors

A. A. Kassimu Air Force Research and Development Centre, Kaduna
P. M. Gyuk Department of Physics, Kaduna State University, Kaduna
B. Ahmadu Department of Physics, Kaduna State University, Kaduna
H. O. Aboh Department of Physics, Kaduna State University, Kaduna
M. D. Dogara Department of Physics, Kaduna State University, Kaduna
H. Ali Physics Department, Nigeria Defense Academy, Kaduna

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v5.i10.2017.2290

Keywords:

Gross Beta, Radioactivity, Concentration, Dug-Well, MPC-2000-DP Gas Free Proportional Counter

Abstract [English]

Twelve (12) samples of water from hand-dug wells in some parts of Kaduna South and Environs were selected using a stratified random sampling. Twenty (20mils) of concentrated nitric acid were added to each two liters of the sampled water for preservation. The samples were then evaporated and counted for Gross Beta activity using MPC-2000-DP Model Gas free Proportional Counter at Centre for Energy Research and Training (CERT), Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. Results show that, the range of Beta activity in water in the area was 0.006 to 0.808 Bq/L, with Geometric mean of 0.120±0.077 Bq/L. The overall results show that, the Beta activity have their values below WHO recommended practical screening level of 1.0 Bq/L radioactivity for drinking water.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Ajayi O. S Owolabi TP (2008) Determination of natural radioactivity in drinking water in private dug wells in Akure, Southwestern Nigeria. Radiat Protect Dosim. 128:477–484 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncm429

Avwiri G. O.(2002). Determination of Radionuclide Levels in Soil and Water around Cement Companies in Port Harcourt. J. appl. Sci. Envir. Mgmt9 (3), 27–29. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v9i3.17348

Cember, H. (1996). Introduction to health Physics, 3rd Edition. McGraw Hill, mc, Toronto pp. 220-231.

Gondar, G. (2011). Pollution. Available at:http://www.sambal.co.uk/pollution.

Habila, N. (2008). Survey of Gross Alpha and Beta Radioactivity in Jos City. Unpublished M.Sc. thesis, University of Jos, Nigeria.

ISO (1992). Water Quality Measurement of Gross Alpha Activity in Non-saline Sater. International Standard Organization, (ISO 9696). Pp8

Jubril N. N., Mabawonku A. O., Oridate A. A and Ujiagbedion A.J.(1999). Natural Radionuclide Concentration Levels in Soil and Water around a Cement Factory at Ewekoro, Ogun, Nigeria. Niger.J. Phys. 11: 12–16.

Kehagia, K., Koukouliou, V., Bratakos, S., Potiriadis, K. (2007). Biossay measurements for the evaluation of occupational exposure during the decontamination of a phosphoric production unit in Greece In: Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Health Effects of Incorporated Radionuclides.

Kurttio, P., Salonen, L., Taina, I., Pekkanen, J., Pukkala, E., &Auvinen, A. (2006). Well water radioactivity and risk of cancer of the urinary organ. Environmental Research, 102, 333–338 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2005.12.010

Onoja, R. A. (2004). Survey of Gross Alpha and Beta Radioactivity in Well Water from Zaria

Otton, J. K. (1994). National Radioactivity in the Environment [Online] Available at:http://energy.usgs.gov/factsheets/radioactivitity.

SajoBohus, L., Gomez, J., Capote, T., Greaves, E. D., Herrera, O., Salazar, V. and Smith, A. (1997). Gross Alpha radioactivity of Drinking Water in Venezuela. J. Environ Radioactivity 3: 305—312. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0265-931X(96)00056-2

Santschi, P.H. and Honeyman, B.D. (1989). Radionuclides in Aquatic Environment Radiat. Phys. Chem. 34::2 16-219 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/1359-0197(89)90231-2

Tajudeen, H.V. (2006). Survey of Radioactivity in Wells and Bore holes from Gwammaja Area of Kano City. Unpublished M.Sc. thesis, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria.

[15] UNSCEAR (1993). Sources and biological effects. United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation Report to the General Assembly, with annexes. UN sales publications; New York.

United State Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), (1997). Prescribed Procedures for Measurement of Radioactivity in Drinking Water. Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory. EPA 600/4-80-032.

United State Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), (2010). Drinking Water Contaminants United State Environmental Protection Agency, pp.15.

WHO. (2003). Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality. 3rd ed., World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.

WHO. (2004). Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality, 3rd Edition p37-44

WHO. (2006). Guidelines for drinking-water quality, 3rd editionn, Geneva. (Vol. 1, pp. 197–207)

WHO (2008). Guideline for Drinking Water. 3rd Edition, incorporating the first and second Addendum, Vol.1.Recommendations. Geneva.

Williams, G. C. (1977). Sampling Techniques. 3rd Edition. New York pp.89-92.