PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING, GC-MS AND FT-IR ANALYSIS OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT LEAVES OF ELETTARIA CARDAMOMUM
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v5.i2.2017.1726Keywords:
Methanol Extract, Phytochemical, Elettaria Cardamomum, GC MS And FTIRAbstract [English]
In this modern era, medicinal plants are at great attention to the researchers as most of the drug industries depend on medicinal plants for the production of therapeutic compounds. In many countries especially in India, plants are the conventional source of pharmaceutical biochemical, food colours, flavours and fragrances. Hence, the main aim of the study was the identification of bioactive compounds from the leaves of Elettaria cardamomum by Gas Chromatography and Mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). The GC-MS study revealed the presence of various compounds like Vitamin E, Squalene, Eucalyptol, Stigmast-5-en-3-ol, 4H-1-Benjopyran-4-one, 2,3-dihydro-5, 7-dihydroxy-2-pheny, Octadecanoic acid, Phytol, Hexadecanoic acid in the methanolic extract of Elettaria cardamomum. Henceforth, the Elettaria cardamomum may have chemo preventive, antidiabetic, anti- microbial and anticancer activity due to the presence of secondary metabolites in the methanolic extract. The results of FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of alcohol, phenols, alkanes, alkyl halides and alkynes. In the present study, leaf sample of this plant was analyzed for the first time. This work will help to identify the active components, which may be used for therapeutic purposes. This study offers a platform of using Elettaria cardamomum leaves as herbal alternative for many diseases.
Downloads
References
Agaoglu, S., Dostbil, N. and Alemdar, S. Antimicrobial effect of seed extract of cardamom (Elettarıa cardamomum Maton). YYÜ Vet FakDerg. 16(2), 2005, 99-101.
Anandhi, K. and Ushadevi, T. Analysis of phytochemical constituents and antibacterial activities of Clerodendrum inerme L. against some selected pathogens. Int. J. Biotechnol. Allied Fields.1(7), 2013, 87-393.
Aparna, V., Dileep, K.V., Mandal, P.K., Karthe, P., Sadasivam C. and Haridas, M. Anti-inflammatory Properties of n-Hexadeconic acid. Structural Evidence and Kinetic Assessment. Chem. Biol. Drug. Des.80(3), 2012, 434-94. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-0285.2012.01418.x
Azhagumurugan, C. and Rajan, M.K. Effect of leaf extract of Nilakumil, (Gmelina asiatica) against the root knot Nematode (Meloidogyne Incognita). Res. J. Recent Sci.3, 2014, 264-266.
Balaji, K. and Kilimozhi, D. GC-MS analysis of various extracts of Clerodendrum phlomidis leaf. Int. J. Pharm. Pharm. Sci.6 (1), 2014, 226-232.
Bansod, S. and Rai, M. Antifungal activity of essential oils from Indian medicinal plants against human pathogenic Aspergillus fumigatus and A. niger. World. J. Med. Sci. 3(2), 2008, 81-88.
Baytop, T. Türkiye’de Bitkiler ileTedavi. İ.Ü. Yay. No: 3255, EczacılıkFak. No: 40, İstanbul, 1984.
Britto, JD., Sebastian, SR. Biosynthesis Silver Nanoparticles and its Antibacterial Activity against Human Pathogens. Int J Pharm Sci5, 2012, 257-259.
Das, R.K., Gogoi, N. and Bora, U. Green synthesis of gold nanoparticles using Nyctanthes arbortristis flower extract. Bioprocess. Biosyst. Eng. 34, 2011, 615–619. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00449-010-0510-y
El-Malti, J., Mountassif, D. and Amarouch, H. Antimicrobial activity of Elettaria cardamomum: Toxicity, biochemical and histological studies. Food. Chem. 104, 2007, 1560-1568. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.02.043
Hites Roberts, JKM. and Xia, JH. Methods in cell biology, 49: 1995, 245-258. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0091-679X(08)61458-2
Jamal, A., Javed, K., Aslama, M. and Jafri, MA. (2006). Gastroprotective effect of cardamom, Elettaria cardamomum Maton. fruits inrats. J. Ethnopharmacol. 103, 2006, 149-153. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2005.07.016
Kapoor, LD. Handbook of ayurvedic medicinal plants, CRCPress, Boca Raton, FL, 2000.
Kirtikar, KR., Basu, BD. Indian Medicinal Plants. Indian Press, India, 1918. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.137025
Korikontimath, VS., Mulge, R. and Zachariah, JT. Variations in essential oil constituents in high yielding selections of cardamom. J. Plantation. Craps. 27, 1999, 230- 232.
Kumar, GS., Jayaveera, KN., Ashok Kumar, CK. and Sanjay, UP., Vrushabendra Swamy, B.M. and Kishore Kumar, D.V. Screening of antioxidant activity, total phenolics and GC-MS study of Vitexnegundo. Trop. J. Pharm. Res. 6 (2), 2007, 717-723.
Kumar, PP., Kumaravel, S. and Lalitha, S. Screening of antioxidant activity, total phenolics and GC-MS study of Vitexnegundo. Afr. J. Biochem. Res. 4(7), 2010, 191-195.
Lin, CW, Yu, CW, Wu, SC and Yih, KH. DPPH free-radical scavenging activity, total phenolic contents and chemical composition analysis of forty-two kinds of essential oils. J. Food. Drug. Anal. 17(5), 2009, 386-395. DOI: https://doi.org/10.38212/2224-6614.2594
Mahadkar, S., Valvi, S. and Jadhav, V. Gas Chromatography Mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Analysis of some Bioactive Compounds from five medicinally relevant Wild edible plants. Asian J. Pharm. Clin. Res.6 (1), 2013, 136-139.
Mohani, N., Ahmad, M., Mehjabeen. And Jahan, N. Evaluation of phytoconstituents of three plants Acorus calamus linn. Artemisia absinthium Linn and Bergenia himalaica boriss by FTIR spectroscopic analysis. Pak. J. Pharm. Sci. 27, 2014, 2251-2255.
Nainwal, P., Batsa, R., Singh, A. and Nanda, D. Medicinal plant studies influenced by the Biotechnological methods an updated review. Int. J. Pharm. Biol. Sci. 2(2), 2011, 501-508.
Ronald Hites, A. Handbook of Instrumental Techniques for Analytical Chemistry (Settle, F.A., ed.), Upper Saddle River, NJ, 1997, pp. 609-626.
Sathish, SS., Janakiraman, N. and Johnson, M. Phytochemical analysis of Vitexaltissima L. using UV-VIS, FTIR and GC-MS. Int. J. Pharm. Sci. Drug Res.4 (1), 2012, 56-62.
Sengupta, A., Ghosh, S. and Bhattacharjee, S. Dietary cardamom inhibits the formation of azoxymethane-induced aberrant crypt foci in mice and reduces COX-2 and iNOS expression in the colon. Asian. Pac. J. Cancer. Prev. 6(2), 2005,118-122.
Shankar, M., Lakshmi, T., Ramesh, B., Roopa, D., Ramanarao, DNV. and Niranjan, B.M. Phytochemical investigation and antibacterial activity of hydroalcoholic extract of terminalia bellirica leaf. Asian Journal of Phytomedicine and Clinical Research. Asian J. Phytomed. Clin. Res. 2(1), 2014, 33 – 39.
Singh, G., Kiran, S., Marimuthu, P., Isidorov, V. and Vinogorova, V. Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of essential oil and various oleoresins of Elettaria cardamomum (seeds and pods). J. Sci. Food. Agric. 88, 2009, 280-289. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.3087
Stary, F. The Natural Guide to Medicinal Herb and Plants. Tiger Books International, London,1998.
Sultana, S., Ripa, F.A. and Hamid, K. Comparative antioxidant activity study of some commonly used spices in Bangladesh. Pak. J. Biol. Sci. 13(7), 2010, 340-343. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3923/pjbs.2010.340.343
Venkatesan, D., Karrunakarn, C.M., Selva, S. and Palani Swamy, P.T. Identification of Phytochemical Constituents of Aegle marmelos Responsible for Antimicrobial Activity against Selected Pathogenic Organisms. Ethnobotanical Leaflets. 13, 2009, 1362- 72.
Vijay, T., Rajan, D., Sarumathy, K., Palani, S. and Sakthivel, K. Cardioprotective, antioxidant activities and phytochemical analysis by GC-MS of Gmelina arborea (GA) in Doxorubicin-induced myocardial necrosis in Albino rats. Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science.1(5), 2011, 198-204.
World Health Organization (WHO). Available from Traditional Medicine: Definitions. http:// www.who.int / medicines/ areas / traditional/ definitions /en/. Accessed October 7, 2016.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
With the licence CC-BY, authors retain the copyright, allowing anyone to download, reuse, re-print, modify, distribute, and/or copy their contribution. The work must be properly attributed to its author.
It is not necessary to ask for further permission from the author or journal board.
This journal provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge.