RETHINKING PEDAGOGICAL SHIFT IN ESP TEACHING-LEARNING APPROACHES ACROSS CROSS- CULTURAL EDUCATION
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v14.i2SE.2026.6638Keywords:
ESP Pedagogy, Cross-Cultural Competence, Digital Learning, Identity and CommunicationAbstract [English]
Ragamala paintings emerged in the 16th century as a visual representation of Indian classical music. These intricate artwork compositions depict ragas and raginis (female ragas), which are associated with particular melodies, time cycles, and moods. One significant element found in Ragamala paintings is the portrayal of music instruments. Ragamala paintings are a form of Indian miniature paintings that depict musical modes or ragas in a visual format. These paintings are known for their intricate detail and vibrant colors, capturing the essence of Indian classical music. One of the recurring elements in Ragamala paintings is the inclusion of string instruments, which play a significant role in portraying the mood and character of the musical raga. This research paper aims to explore the role of string instruments in Ragamala paintings, using a case study approach to examine specific examples and analyze their cultural and artistic significance.
Downloads
References
Alvi, A. H. (2023). From Pedagogy to Andragogy in Post COVID-19 ESP Courses: A Customized Blended Learning Model for English in Medicine at a Saudi University. World Journal of English Language, 13(2), 77. https://doi.org/10.5430/wjel.v13n2p77 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5430/wjel.v13n2p77
Bangladesh, A. P. (2024). Challenges in English for Specific Purposes (ESP) Teaching Materials: A Systematic Review for Modern Learning Environments. Global Mainstream Journal, 1(1), 8–18. https://doi.org/10.62304/ijass.v1i1.139 DOI: https://doi.org/10.62304/ijass.v1i1.139
Constantinou, E. K., and Papadima-Sophocleous, S. (2020). The use of Digital Technology in ESP: Current Practices and Suggestions for ESP Teacher Education. Journal of Teaching English for Specific and Academic Purposes, 017. https://doi.org/10.22190/JTESAP2001017K DOI: https://doi.org/10.22190/JTESAP2001017K
Dewi, L. P. D. K., et al. (2024). The Importance of Digital Literacy Skills in the Context of Learning English for Specific Purposes: A Systematic Review. Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Teknologi, 5(8), 3006–3015. https://doi.org/10.59141/jist.v5i8.1291 DOI: https://doi.org/10.59141/jist.v5i8.1291
Digi Online Business. (n.d.). Defining Digital Tools: A Comprehensive Guide.
Digital Adoption. (n.d.). Digital Tools.
Dou, A. (2024). Intercultural Communication in ESP on. Advances in Educational Technology and Psychology, 8(2). https://doi.org/10.23977/aetp.2024.080225 DOI: https://doi.org/10.23977/aetp.2024.080225
Dou, A. Q., et al. (2023). Changing Visions in ESP Development and Teaching: Past, Present, and Future Vistas. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, Article 1140659. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1140659 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1140659
Dudley-Evans, T., and St. John, M. J. (1998). Developments in English for Specific Purposes: A Multi-Disciplinary Approach. Cambridge University Press.
ERIC. (n.d.). [ERIC document].
Farmati, C., et al. (2023). Blended Learning in English for Specific Purposes Instruction: A Systematic Review. Digital Education Review, (44), 114–124. https://doi.org/10.1344/der.2023.44.114-124 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1344/der.2023.44.114-124
Freeman, D., et al. (2015). English-for-Teaching: Rethinking Teacher Proficiency in the Classroom. ELT Journal, 69(2), 129–139. https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/ccu074 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/ccu074
Gumartifa, A., et al. (2025). Digital Tools in ESP Learning: Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Students’ Practices and Challenges. Voices of English Language Education Society, 9(1), 206–217. https://doi.org/10.29408/veles.v9i1.29348 DOI: https://doi.org/10.29408/veles.v9i1.29348
Hutchinson, T., and Waters, A. (1984). How Communicative is ESP? ELT Journal, 38(2), 108–113. https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/38.2.108 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/38.2.108
Hutchinson, T., and Waters, A. (1987). English for Specific Purposes: A Learning-Centred Approach. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511733031 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511733031
ILAC. (n.d.). Advantages of a Multicultural Learning Environment.
Lie, A. (2017). English and Identity in Multicultural Contexts: Issues, Challenges, and Opportunities. TEFLIN Journal, 28(1), 71–92. https://doi.org/10.15639/teflinjournal.v28i1/71-92 DOI: https://doi.org/10.15639/teflinjournal.v28i1/71-92
Master, P. (2005). Research in English for Specific Purposes. In M. H. Long (Ed.), Second Language Needs Analysis (99–120). Cambridge University Press.
McDonough, J. (1984). ESP in Perspective: A Practical Guide. Collins ELT.
Nunan, D. (1999). Second Language Teaching and Learning. Heinle and Heinle.
Nuryanti, N. (2025). ESP in the Digital Age: Mapping Tools, Platforms, and Pedagogical Shifts in Higher Education. ELSYA Journal of English Language Studies, 7(2), 158–173. https://doi.org/10.31849/elsya.v7i2.26395 DOI: https://doi.org/10.31849/elsya.v7i2.26395
Pardayeva, Z. (2025). Pedagogical Approaches and Effective Digital Tools to Develop Speaking Skills of ESP Learners. European International Journal of Pedagogics, 5(7), 40–45. https://doi.org/10.55640/eijp-05-07-10 DOI: https://doi.org/10.55640/eijp-05-07-10
Rachmawati, D. L., and Irawan, N. (2024). Integrating Digital Technologies in ESP Classroom: A Comprehensive Overview of Current Practices and Pedagogical Implications. International Journal of Pedagogical Language, Literature, and Cultural Studies, 1(3), 27–35. https://doi.org/10.63011/ip.v1i3.23 DOI: https://doi.org/10.63011/ip.v1i3.23
Saima AI. (n.d.). The Importance of Cultural Diversity in Online Education.
Tan, M., Sining, et al. (2023). A Bibliometric Analysis of English for Specific Purposes from 2011 to 2023 using CiteSpace: Visualizing Status, Themes, Evolution, and Emerging Trends. Journal of Language and Education, 9(3), 159–175. https://doi.org/10.17323/jle.2023.17632 DOI: https://doi.org/10.17323/jle.2023.17632
Tickoo, M. L. (Ed.). (1996). ESP: State of the art ( 1–13). SEAMEO Regional Centre.
University of Hong Kong. (n.d.). Cross-Cultural Competence. https://chelps.eduhk.hk/page/detail/531
VEDAMO. (n.d.). Successful Multicultural Experience in a Virtual Classroom.
Wikipedia. (n.d.). Cross-Cultural Competence.
Williams, C. C. (2006). The Epistemology of Cultural Competence. Journal of Ethnic and Cultural Diversity in Social Work, 14(1–2), 111–143. https://doi.org/10.1300/J051v14n01_06 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1300/J051v14n01_06
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Joycee Kemprai, Ms. Neiletuonuo, Dr. Tayenjam Rajesh Singh

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
With the licence CC-BY, authors retain the copyright, allowing anyone to download, reuse, re-print, modify, distribute, and/or copy their contribution. The work must be properly attributed to its author.
It is not necessary to ask for further permission from the author or journal board.
This journal provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge.





















