CHATGPT: A DOUBLE-EDGED SWORD IN CYBERSECURITY - EVALUATING RISKS AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR SAFER AI INTEGRATION

Mitesh G Patel; Hinal N Prajapati; Nihar K Patel; Nirmal S Patel; Anand K Patel; Hemali A Brahmbhatt

doi:10.29121/shodhkosh.v5.i5.2024.1956

Authors

Dr. Mitesh G Patel Assistant Professor, Asian BCA College, Vadali
Dr. Hinal N Prajapati Assistant Professor, Department of Computer & IT, HNGU-Patan
Nihar K Patel Assistant Professor, Asian BCA College, Vadali
Nirmal S Patel I/c Principal, Asian Institute of Technology, Vadali
Anand K Patel Head of Department, Asian Institute of Technology, Vadali
Hemali A Brahmbhatt Assistant Professor, M.L Gandhi BCA College, Modasa

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29121/shodhkosh.v5.i5.2024.1956

Keywords:

ChatGPT, Chatbot, Cybersecurity, Security Attacks, Security Threats, Phishing Attack, Social Engineering, Malicious Activities, Malware

Abstract [English]

Over the years, natural language processing (NLP) has seen remarkable progress, largely thanks to the advancements in artificial intelligence (AI). Specifically, recent strides in this field can be attributed to the emergence of sophisticated conversational AI systems like ChatGPT. Since its release in November 2022, ChatGPT has captivated millions of users with its impressive features and capabilities. However, there’s a growing concern about its potential misuse by malicious actors. In particular, ChatGPT opens up new avenues for hackers to compromise cybersecurity. This article delves into a comprehensive exploration of how ChatGPT can significantly aid hackers in executing various attacks. The investigation draws from cutting-edge research in this domain. Additionally, we evaluate ChatGPT’s impact on cybersecurity, both positive and negative. The conclusion is clear: ChatGPT has indeed facilitated hacking behaviors and could be exploited for malicious purposes. To mitigate these risks, continuous development and the establishment of appropriate standards are crucial. Policymakers and developers must collaborate, taking into account user concerns and the responsible use of this powerful tool. Ultimately, this research article offers insightful discussions and recommendations to enhance AIbased systems.

References

Addington, S. (2023). ChatGPT : Cyber Security Threats and Countermeasures. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4425678

Ali, H., & Aysan, A. F. (2023). What will ChatGPT Revolutionize in Financial Industry? [3] Aljanabi, M. (2023). ChatGPT: Future directions and open possibilities. Mesopotamian journal of cybersecurity, 2023, 16-17. DOI: https://doi.org/10.58496/MJCS/2023/003

Bahrini, A., Khamoshifar, M., Abbasimehr, H., Riggs, R.J., Esmaeili, M., Majdabadkohne, R.M., & Pasehvar, M (2023). ChatGPT : Applications, Opportunities, and Threats. In IEEE Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium (SIEDS ), 274-279. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/SIEDS58326.2023.10137850

Biswas, S. (2023). Prospective Role of Chat GPT in the Military: According to ChatGPT. Qeios. [6] Biswas, S. (2023b). Role of Chat GPT in Education. J of ENT Surgery Research, 1(1), 01-03. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32388/8WYYOD

Biswas, S. (2023c). Role of ChatGPT in Cybersecurity. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4403584

Cambiaso, E., & Caviglione, L. (2023). Scamming the Scammers: Using ChatGPT to Reply Mails for Wasting Time and Resources.

Charan, P.V., Chunduri, H., Anand, P.M., & Shukla, S.K. (2023). From Text to MITRE Techniques: Exploring the malicious Use of Large Language Models for Generating Cyber Attack Payloads.

Choi, J. H., Hickman, K. E., Monahan, A., & Schwarcz, D. (2023). ChatGPT goes to law school Journal of Legal Education ( Forthcoming ). DOI: https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4335905

Derner, E., & Batistič, K. (2023). Beyond the Safeguards: Exploring the Security Risks of ChatGPT.

Dwivedi, Y.K., Kshetri, N., Hughes, L., Slade, E.L., Jeyaraj, A., Kar, A.K., & Wright, R. (2023). “So, What if ChatGPT wrote it? “ Multidisciplinary perspective on opportunities, challenges and implications of generative conversational AI for research, practice and policy. International Journal of Information management. 71. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2023.102642

Eggmann, F., Weiger, R., Zitzmann, N.U., & Blatz, M.B. (2023). Implications of large language models such as ChatGPT for dental medicine. Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry, 1098-1102. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jerd.13046

Elsadig, M. A. (2023). Detection of Denial-of-Service Attack in Wireless Sensor Networks: A Lightweight Machine Learning Approach. IEEE Access, 11, 83537-83522. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3303113

Elsadig, M.A., & Gafar, A. (2022). Covert channel detection: machine learning approaches. IEEE Access, 10, 38391-38405. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3164392

Esmailzadeh, Y. (2023). Potential Risks of ChatGPT: Implications for Counterterrorism and International Security. International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding (IJMMU), 10.

Gabriela, T.R., & Axinte, S.D. (2023). ChatGPT-Information Security Overview. In International Conference on Cybersecurity and Cybercrime, 10, 81-85.

George, A.S., & George, A.H. (2023). A review of ChatGPT AI's impact on several business sectors. Partners Universal International Innovation Journal, 1(1), 9-23.

Gill, S.S., & Kaur, R. (2023). ChatGPT: Vision and challenges. Internet of Things and Cyber- Physical Systems, 3, 262-271. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iotcps.2023.05.004

Grbic, D.V., & Dujlovic, I. (2023). Social engineering with ChatGPT. In IEEE 22nd International Symposium Infoteh-Jahorina (Infoteh), 1-5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/INFOTEH57020.2023.10094141

Kalla, D., & Smith, N. (2023). Study and Analysis of Chat GPT and its Impact on

Different Fields of Study. International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology, 8(3), 827-833.

Khosravi, H., Shafie, M.R., Hajiabadi, M., Raihan, A.S., & Ahmed, I. (2023). Chatbots and ChatGPT: A bibliometric analysis and systematic review of publications in Web of Science and Scopus databases. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1504/IJDMMM.2024.138824

Khoury, R., Avila, A.R., Brunelle, J., & Camara, B.M. (2023). How Secure is Code Generated by ChatGPT? DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/SMC53992.2023.10394237

Kshetri, N. (2023). ChatGPT in developing economies. IT Professional, 25(2), 16-19. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/MITP.2023.3254639

Liu, B., Xiao, B., Jiang, X., Cen, S., He, X., & Dou, W. (2023). Adversarial Attacks on Large Language Model-Based System and Mitigating Strategies: A Case Study on ChatGPT. Security and Communication Networks, 2023, 1-10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/8691095

Liu, C., Bao, X., Zhang, H., Zhang, N., Hu, H., Zhang, X., & Yan, M. (2023). Improving ChatGPT Prompt for Code Generation.

Mansfield-Devine, S. (2023). Weaponising ChatGPT. Network Security, 2023(4). DOI: https://doi.org/10.12968/S1353-4858(23)70017-2

Marshall, J. (2023). What Effects Do Large Language Models Have on Cybersecurity.

McKee, F., & Noever, D. (2023). Chatbots in a Honeypot World. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5121/ijci.2023.120207

Nair, M., Sadhukhan, R., & Mukhopadhyay, D. (2023). Generating secure hardware using chatgpt resistant to cwes. Cryptology ePrint Archive, 1-16.

Ognibene, D., Baldissarri, C., & Manfredi, A. (2023). Does ChatGPT pose a threat to human identity?

O'Rourke, M. (2023). Chatgpt poses cybersecurity threats. Risk Management, 70(2), 3030.

Rahman, M.M., & Watanobe, Y. (2023). ChatGPT for education and research: Opportunities, threats, and strategies. Applied Sciences, 13(9), 1-21. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/app13095783

Ray, P.P. (2023). ChatGPT: A comprehensive review on background, applications, key challenges, bias, ethics, limitations and future scope. Internet of Things and CyberPhysical Systems, 3, 121-154. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iotcps.2023.04.003

Robinson, J. (2023). The cost of science a look at the ethical implications of chatgpt.

Roumeliotis, K. I., & Tselikas, N. D. (2023). ChatGPT and Open-AI Models: A Preliminary Review. Future Internet, 15(6), 1-24. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/fi15060192

Sallam, M. (2023). ChatGPT utility in healthcare education, research, and practice: DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11060887

systematic review on the promising perspectives and valid concerns. In Healthcare, 11(6), 1-20.

Sebastian, G. (2023). Do ChatGPT and other AI chatbots pose a cybersecurity risk? An exploratory study. International Journal of Security and Privacy in Pervasive Computing (IJSPPC), 15(1), 1-11. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4018/IJSPPC.320225

Sebastian, G. (2023). Privacy and Data Protection in ChatGPT and Other AI Chatbots: Strategies for Securing User Information. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4454761

Sharma, P., & Dash, B. (2023). Impact of big data analytics and ChatGPT on cybersecurity. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/I3CS58314.2023.10127411

In IEEE 4th International Conference on Computing and Communication Systems (I3CS), 1-6.

Shoufan, A. (2023). Exploring Students’ Perceptions of CHATGPT: Thematic Analysis and Follow-Up Survey. IEEE Access, 11, 38805-38818. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3268224

Sun, W., & Yao, J. (2023). Exploring the Potential Application of ChatGPT in Preparing for ABET Accreditation. DOI: https://doi.org/10.36227/techrxiv.23392412.v1

Surameery, N.M.S., & Shakor, M.Y. (2023). Use chat gpt to solve programming bugs. International Journal of Information Technology & Computer Engineering (IJITC), 3(01), 17-22. DOI: https://doi.org/10.55529/ijitc.31.17.22

Temara, S. (2023). Maximizing penetration testing success with effective reconnaissance techniques using chatgpt. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22541/au.167947026.68710739/v1

Thorncharoensri, P., Susilo, W., & Baek, J. (2019). Efficient Controlled Signature for a Large Network with Multi Security-level Setting. Journal of Wireless Mobile Networks, Ubiquitous Computing, and Dependable Applications (JoWUA), 10(3), 1-20.

Xames, M.D., & Shefa, J. (2023). ChatGPT for research and publication: Opportunities and challenges. Journal of Applied Learning and Teaching, 6(1), 390-395. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4381803

Yang, J., Chen, Y. L., Por, L. Y., & Ku, C. S. (2023). A systematic literature review of information security in chatbots. Applied Sciences, 13(11), 1-18. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/app13116355