Article Type: Research Article Article Citation: Y. V. Subba Rao. (2020). HUMAN BEINGS’
BIRTH, DEATH AND BEYOND. International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH, 8(9),
404-414. https://doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v8.i9.2020.1411 Received Date: 06 September 2020 Accepted Date: 30 September 2020 Keywords: Panchabhutas Kundalini DNA Electromagnetism Meteorites Lokas Vital Airs Vital Fires Pitrayāna Devayāna Everything in the physical creation, including the human body, is composed of the five great natural elements called ‘Panchabhutas’. These elements have originated in a particular order of ‘akāsh’ (ether) to the last element ‘prithivi’ (earth) and the birth as a human being, which is exceedingly rare, is thus born on earth with its matching fundamental frequency of the earth. As the existing literature is quite unclear regarding the human birth, death and beyond, it is attempted to show a plausible way connecting the dots of the process of birth, death, rebirth and liberation based on vibrations of frequency of mind, word, and deed. The final moments of death, step by step, where these pancha- bhutas are dissolved, in the reverse order of their formation, following the chakra system (wheels of energy) of Kundalini in a human being, similar to DNA, withdrawing the soul from the base (mulādhāra) upwards. Subtle bodies (sookshma sarira) and soul have infinite possibilities for their onward journey at the moment of death go to the dimension that corresponds to how one lived one’s life on Earth. The subtle body finds its dimension and level of frequency according to merits of purity of the subtle body derived by one’s life’s activities rise to higher lokas for enjoying the fruits of good actions or attain liberation or to be reborn. An enlightened soul attains liberation from bondage as in the case of Swāmi Vivekānanda, and also has the freedom to be born again or not.
1. INTRODUCTIONVishnu Purāna states that there is a total
of 8,400,000 species classified as 200,000 species of non-mobile plants;
900,000 species of aquatic creatures; 900,000 species of amphibian and
reptiles, 1,000,000 species of birds, etc.; 3,000,000 species of other
creatures such as animals, etc.; 400,000 species of anthropoids (Vānaras), after which the human
species (Manushya) of 200,000
varieties come into being, and Man then engages in purposeful activity to
attain perfection [1]. दुर्लभं
मानुषं जन्म प्रार्थयते
त्रिदशैरपि durlabhaṁ mānuṣhaṁ janma
prārthayate tridaśhairapi
--- (Nārad
Purāṇ(v28) [2] Meaning: “The human form is exceedingly rare. Even the
celestial gods pray to attain it.” Thus, Lord Ram instructed the residents of Ayodhya: बरेञ्भाग
मानुष तनु पावा, सुर
दुर्लभ सब ग्रन्थन्हि
गावा baṛeñ bhāga mānuṣha tanu pāvā, sura durlabha saba granthanhi gāvā
--- (Ramāyan)(v2) [3] Meaning: “O people of Ayodhya,
you all are extremely fortunate to have been bestowed a human birth, which is
exceedingly rare and is desired even by the residents of heaven.” When the
celestial beings long for a human birth, then why should we humans seek promotion
to the celestial abodes? Rather, we should aim for God-realization by engaging
in devotion to the Supreme Lord. It fascinates one
and all and curious to know what happens at the moment of death? what happens
after death? and Is there life beyond? Man
is a Microcosm of the Macrocosm, the Universe. The entire cosmos is an interplay of
the energies of the five great elements. It is said that from the
heavenly bodies we get ether, and from ether we get air, from these two we get
fire, from these three we get water, and from these four we get earth. These
are said to be the five elements which are found in every living being though,
it may be, in different proportions [4]. All living things on
the face of the earth, the earth itself, and the heavens themselves, are said
to possess five kinds of vital airs called Prāna,
Apāna, Vyāna, Udhāna, and Samāna. They are said to mean
respectively, the air in the heart that ascends, the air in the anus that
descends, the air in all parts of the body that circulates, the air in the
throat that keeps down the food and drink, and the air in the navel that
carries the finer portions of food and drink to different parts of the body.
All living things, the earth and the heavens also have, it is said, three kinds
of vital fires, and through the action and inter-action of these vital airs and
vital fires result the several seasons and the different conditions of
creation, preservation and destruction. The five natural elements, the five
vital airs and the three vital fires give rise to Vāta, Pitta and Kapha. Ayurveda identifies three
basic types of energy or functional principles that are present in everyone and
everything. They are Vāta, pitta and kapha which
are combinations and permutations of these five elements that manifest as
patterns present in all creation. In the physical body, vāta is the subtle
energy of movement, pitta the energy
of digestion and metabolism, and kapha
the energy composed of Space and
Air. It governs breathing, blinking, muscle and tissue movement, pulsation of
the heart, and all movements in the cytoplasm and cell membranes. In balance, vāta promotes creativity and flexibility. Out of
balance, vāta produces fear and
anxiety. Pitta expresses as the
body’s metabolic system — made up of Fire and Water. It governs
digestion, absorption, assimilation, nutrition, metabolism and body
temperature. In balance, pitta
promotes understanding and intelligence. Out of balance, pitta arouses anger, hatred and jealousy. Kapha is the energy that forms the body’s
structure — bones, muscles, tendons — and provides the “glue” that
holds the cells together, formed from Earth and Water. Kapha supplies the water for all bodily parts and systems. It
lubricates joints, moisturizes the skin, and maintains immunity. In balance, kapha is expressed as love, calmness and
forgiveness. Out of balance, it leads to attachment, greed and envy. These
three when in balance give rise to Sattva
guna (mode of goodness) while out of balance, they give rise to two modes of nature,
namely, Rajo guna (Mode of passion)
and Tamo guna (Mode of ignorance) in
human beings. Every individual is a unique mix of these three gunas, thus, giving rise to infinite
dimensions of vibrations with different permutations and combinations to which
the two bodies, namely the physical body and the subtle body and the souls are
tied. Based on the frequency fundamentally matching with the earth’s frequency
arising out of Tamo guna and Rajo guna with the earth’s frequency
(Schuman’s Resonance), the subtle body with the soul cannot travel beyond the
earth after death. “Time creates and time alone kills. This is the inevitable
law of time,” जातस्य
हि ध्रुवो
मृत्युर्ध्रुवं
जन्म मृतस्य च
| तस्मादपरिहार्येऽर्थे
न त्वं
शोचितुमर्हसि
|| 27|| jātasya hi dhruvo mṛityur dhruvaṁ
janma mṛitasya cha --- Bhagavat Gita Ch.2, Text 27 [5] Meaning: Death is certain for one who has been born,
and rebirth is inevitable for one who has died. Therefore, you should not
lament over the inevitable. 2. THE THREE KINDS OF KARMAKarma is of three kinds, viz., Sanchita
(accumulated works), Prarabdha (fructifying works) and Kriyamana or Agami
(current works). Sanchita is all the accumulated Karmas of the past. Part of it
is seen in the character of man, in his tendencies and aptitudes, capacities,
inclinations and desires, etc. Tendencies come from this. Prarabdha is that
portion of the past Karma which is responsible for the present body. That
portion of the Sanchita Karma which influences human life in the present
incarnation is called Prarabdha. It is one’s destiny to be worked out in this
life which results from the actions performed and desires craved in the past
lives. It is ripe for reaping. It cannot
be avoided or changed. It is only exhausted by being experienced. You pay your
past debts. Prarabdha Karma is that which has begun and is actually bearing
fruit. It is selected out of the mass of the Sanchita Karma. Kriyamana is that
Karma which is now being made for the future. It is also called Agami or
Vartamana. In Vedantic literature, there is a beautiful
analogy. The bowman has already sent an arrow and it has left his hands. He
cannot recall it. He is about to shoot another arrow. The bundle of arrows in the quiver on his back is the Sanchita; the
arrow he has shot is Prarabdha; and the arrow which he is about to shoot from
his bow is Agami. Of these, he has perfect control over the Sanchita and the
Agami, but he must surely work out his Prarabdha. The past which has begun to
take effect he has to experience. 3. TWO PATHS OF JOURNEY OF THE SUBTLE BODY AND THE SOUL (PITRAYĀNA AND DEVAYĀNA)There are two paths for the journey of the subtle body and the soul. One of which leads to liberation and the
other leads to rebirth. Liberation lies in transcending the three gunas, i.e., three modes of material
nature. Those who know the Supreme Brahman,
and who depart from this world, during the six months of the sun’s northern
course, the bright fortnight of the moon, and the bright part of the day,
attain the supreme destination. The practitioners of Vedic rituals, who pass away during the six months of the sun’s
southern course, the dark fortnight of the moon, the time of smoke, the night,
attain the celestial abodes. After enjoying celestial pleasures, they again
return to the earth. These two, bright and dark paths, always exist in this
world. The way of light leads to liberation and the way of darkness leads to
rebirth [6]. शुक्लकृष्णे
गती ह्येते जगतः
शाश्वते मते । एकया यात्यनावृत्तिमन्ययावर्तते
पुनः ॥८-२६॥ śhukla - kṛiṣhṇe gati hy ete jagatah śhāśhvate mate। ekayã
yãti anāvṛittim anyayãvartate punah॥ --- Bhagavad Gita Ch.8 –
Verse26 [7] Meaning: These two paths of the world, the bright and
the dark, are considered to be eternal; by one, one returns not, and by the
other, one returns. One of the two paths lead to liberation (Devayāna) and the other leads to rebirth (Pitrayāna). Those who know the Supreme Brahman, and who depart from
this world, during the six months of the sun’s northern course, the bright
fortnight of the moon, and the bright part of the day, attain the supreme
destination. The practitioners of Vedic rituals, who pass away during the six
months of the sun’s southern course, the dark fortnight of the moon, the time
of smoke, the night, attain the celestial abodes. After enjoying celestial
pleasures, they again return to the earth. These two, bright and dark paths,
always exist in this world. The way of light leads to liberation and the way of
darkness leads to rebirth. It is tradition
among Indians that those who perform meritorious deeds while living on the
Earth go to Heaven. One who is promoted to those higher planetary systems enjoys
a longer duration of life and better facilities for sense enjoyment, yet one is
not allowed to stay there forever. One is again sent back to this earthly
planet upon finishing the resultant fruits of pious activities and reborn. It
has also been witnessed that at the departure of great souls, a bright star is
seen shooting up towards the heavens. 4. THE FOURTEEN LOKAS OR MULTIVERSEThere exist fourteen lower lokas,
seven below and seven upper lokas
including the earth in the celestial sphere (Figure 1). The Earth resonates at
a frequency of 7.83 Hz. Birth as a human being is unique in that all human
beings resonate fundamentally with the earth’s frequency whereas all other
species living on earth resonate harmonically. The frequency of other lokas vary with their respective heights
from the earth and one day in each loka
varies several earth years with their position above the earth. The subtle body
and the soul pick up all the meritorious actions or deeds performed by the
individual during his life with the rise in their frequency level accordingly [8] (Figure 1). Figure 1: The fourteen Lokas (Universes) (Seven Lower and Seven Upper Lokas from
Bhooloka to Brahmaloka 5. METEORITESVarāhamihira,
Indian Astrologer and Astronomer par excellence of the 5th century, states that
the meteorites are nothing but the forms of those who fall down to be reborn
after having enjoyed the fruits of their meritorious deeds in Heaven. They are
divided into five categories viz. Ignescent Balls, Meteors, Thunder-bolts,
Lightning and Shooting Stars (Comets). The same can be found fortified in Bhagavat Gita. उल्कालक्षणम्
॥३३॥ दिविभुक्तशुभफलानां
पततां रूपाणि यानि
तान्युल्काः । धिष्ण्योल्काशनिविद्युत्तारा
इति पञ्चधा भिन्नाः
॥१॥ ---Varāhamihira’s Brihat
Samhita [9] Meaning: The forms of those who fall down after having enjoyed unalloyed happiness
in Heaven are called Ulkas or Meteors which are divided into five kinds, viz.,
ignescent balls, meteors, thunder-bolt, lightning and shooting stars. ते तं
भुक्त्वा
स्वर्गलोकं
विशालं
क्षीणे
पुण्ये
मर्त्यलोकं
विशन्ति । एवं
त्रयीधर्ममनुप्रपनना गतागतं
कामकामा
लभन्ते ॥९-२१॥ te
tam bhuktvã svarga-lokam visãlam; ksine punye martya-lokam visanti ।evam trayi-dharmam anuprapannã; gatãgatam kãma-kãma
labhante ॥ --- Vide
the Bhagavat Gita: Chapter 9, Text 21 [10] Meaning: When they have thus enjoyed
heavenly sense pleasure, they return to this mortal planet again. Thus, through
the Vedic principles, they achieve only flickering happiness. 6. HUMAN DNA AND KUNDALINIBoth Human DNA and Kundalini have a similar structure. Kundalini is a Sanskrit word meaning
either “coiled up” or “coiling like a
snake.” The coiled snake stands for the helical form of the DNA There are 7 Chakras or the seven wheels of energy in
the astral body. Six of them are found along the spine,
and the seventh is located at the crown of the head. They represent colours of
the light spectrum (VIBGYOR) (Figures 2 and
3) [11]. Figures 2 and 3: Kundalini
is akin to DNA; 7 Chakras of Kundalani with VIBGYOR colours of
Electromagnetic Spectrum 7. PHYSICAL AND SPIRITUAL EVOLUTION AND HUMAN DNAChakras are powerful energy
centres in the body. Although they are invisible to the
eye, these wheels of spiritual energy balance the body and spirit. The Chakras store dynamic energy known to the Yogis in India as Kundalini. The three lower Chakras correlate to basic primary
needs, those of survival, procreation, and will. The four higher Chakras correlate to the psychological
make‑up and represent higher spiritual qualities such as love,
compassion, and understanding. The Chakras store dynamic energy known to the
Yogis in India as Kundalini. The colours (VIBGYOR) of the three
lower Chakras are Red,
Orange, and Yellow; and the four
upper Chakras are Green, Blue, Indigo, and Violet, respectively. Six of them
are found along the spine, and
the seventh is located at the crown of the head.
One who raises the Kundalini to
the crown of the head through meditation attains liberation, says Yoga
Sāstra. The crown Chakra
is of violet colour. The colours of chakras
are akin to the electromagnetic
spectrum. The
wavelength of a sinusoidal
waveform traveling at constant speed “v” is
given by v = ƛƒ. Raising
the Kundalini to the crown
of the head “Sahasrāra” Chakra of violet colour tunes the body and mind to
the highest
level of frequency and
shortest wavelength, enables to
see matter
of several times below the subatomic
level with a steady
state of mind. When
Kundalini rises to the pineal
gland (6th Chakra) and then through “Cerebrum” above the body to “Sahasrāra” Chakra (the seventh Chakra),
the individual attains liberation of
soul from bondage, that is, Moksha. The sequence of seven Chakras of Kundalini
is VIBGYOR, the electromagnetic spectrum. Sahasrāra Chakra is of
violet colour. The wavelength of a sinusoidal
waveform traveling at constant speed “v” is given by v = ƛƒ. Raising the Kundalini
to the crown of the head “Sahasrāra”
Chakra of violet color tunes the
body and mind to the highest
level of frequency “ƒ” and shortest
wavelength “ƛ”
enables to see matter of several times below the subatomic level without any lens medium and with a steady state of
mind. v = ƛƒ. “v” can reach a maximum value of speed of light and limited to “c” (the
velocity of light) in E (energy) = mc2 and as the frequency increases with the
decreasing wavelength results in enormous energy in the enlightened individual
when he attains liberation (Figure 4) [12]. Figure 4: Chakra Colours, Electromagnetic Spectrum, DNA and Evolution Our
life experiences
shape with
the first three elements and together with our DNA, we become defined. The physical body records the vibrations of
evil deeds while the subtle body and soul record the meritorious deeds.
Perhaps, only 15% of DNA is utilized by almost all of us for the makeup of first three elements, in other words, utilization of the three lower Chakras of Kundalini. As has been stated elsewhere, the dormant force of Kundalini seems to account for 85% of unused DNA. One in a
billion is completely made up
of the 4th element – Spiritual which
may perhaps be the case of
highly enlightened souls plausibly that require
total utilization of 100% DNA.
DNA can adopt different alternative structures. As has been said
elsewhere herein, the various stages of
journey through which the subtle body and the soul experience in case of Pitrayāna and Devayāna are explained in the following two diagrams for
brevity (Figures 5 and 6). One of the two paths lead to liberation (Devayāna) of those who know the
Supreme Brahman, and who depart from
this world and those who perform meritorious deeds enjoy the fruits of their
actions and return to earth to be reborn (rebirth) (Pitrayāna) [13]. Figures 5 and 6: Stages of Journey of Subtle body and Soul in
the two Paths मनुष्याणां
सहस्रेषु
कश्चिद्यतति
सिद्धये । यततामपि
सिद्धानां
कश्चिन्मां
वेत्ति तत्त्वतः
॥७-३॥ manusyãnãm
sahasresu kascid yatati siddhaye l yatatãm
api siddhãnãm kascin mam vetti tattvatah ll ---- Bhagavat Gita Chapter 7 – Text 3 [14] Meaning: Among thousands of
men one perchance struggles for perfection, only one perchance becomes perfect,
and even amongst those that are perfect, one perchance knows ME in reality. 8.
SWĀMY
VIVEKĀNANDA
It
is said that
Swāmi Vivekananda was
seen intently studying the almanac from a few days prior to his demise. He even
pointed the spot for his cremation and told several people that he would not live to be forty. The Swāmi left
his mundane body on his own volition
in 1902. Vivekananda died at 10 min
past 9 pm on July 4, 1902, while meditating. A little blood in the Swāmi’s
nostrils, his mouth, and in his eyes, was noticed which was due to rupture of the blood vessel in the
brain according to doctors. According to his disciples, it was due to the
escape of his soul through Brahmarandhra, the aperture in the crown
of the head, which must have been pierced when he attained Mahāsamādhi. Thus, the end of Swāmi is unique and
came on his own volition [15]. 9.
INSIGHTS
ON THE END OF LIFE
The raison d’etre of
human birth is liberation from bondage. Man appears to be practically a slave
to the efforts of his past karma, but he is a free agent with regard to fresh
and independent deeds. If these fresh and independent deeds resulting from his free
will are in any manner directed to thwart the effects of his past karma, he
seems to be doomed to failure. The acuteness of his failure seems to be
proportionate to the disparity between the forces of fate and resisting
will-power. On the other hand, if the fresh and the independent deeds are
directed into neutral fields and neutral periods, the success appears to be
proportionate to the force of the will and the effort put forward. While
accepting the negative effects in life due to past karma, one must work for a positivity further in life. Negativity
is natural whereas positivity requires effort. It is through this free will,
with which man responds to fate by deed and thought, that he stores up the good
or bad karma for the life to come, in other words, elevates himself to obtain
liberation from death or brings himself down from life to life encircling in
the endless death-birth cycle. Today’s freewill is tomorrow’s destiny. While
action is always present, the occurrence of reaction depends on the individual’s
motive and the action itself. It is this view of a harmonious combination of
fate and free will that seem to account for the baffling inequities in life,
while affording an answer to the perennial subject of Fate Versus Free Will [16]. The chakra system of a human
being defines the withdrawing of the soul from the base upwards at the moment
of termination of the mundane existence. The First element ‘earth’ is withdrawn
from the Mulādhāra chakra
when the element ‘Earth’ is dissolved and moves upward to the Svādhishthāna chakra, when it
is converted into the second element ‘water’. The hands and feet of the dying
person will suddenly become cold. The water element moves upward to the Manipura chakra when the water element
is converted into the third element ‘Fire’. Likewise, the third element ‘Fire’
moves gradually further upward to the two chakra Anahata
chakra and Visuddha chakra, where this ‘Air’ element produces a low
gargling sound with the dissolution of the ‘Ether’ element. Thus, the five
natural elements “Panchabhutas” are
dissolved leaving the body ‘dead’ with the exit of the soul through any one of
the three vents, namely, mouth, eyes or ears. In the case of saints, it exits through ‘Brahmarandhra’ the back of the head at
the place of the pony tail known as ‘sikham’
and they attain liberation. “A Saint has always a Past and a Sinner has a Future” With the death, the “Panchabhutas” dissolve into their
respective pools. The physical body perishes on the funeral pyre, the soul
together with the subtle body with all the vibrations and reactions of
individuals’ actions of meritorious nature set sail to a loka that matches with its frequency. The interval between death
and rebirth depends on the duration of equivalence of one day in the loka where the subtle body stations
equivalent to the number of the earth years (Figure 8). Figure 8: The Seven Urdhva Lokas (Upper Worlds) Heights and
Equivalent Earth Years 10. CONCLUSIONLife originates in
Space according to Veda. Even souls evolve and finally obtain
liberation. NASA found that life
building blocks of DNA are available as ready‑made kits in space and
delivered to the Earth by meteorites. European Planetary Science Congress
suggested that the
microorganisms from the distant
planets might have been the sprouts of life on this planet. The building blocks of life remained intact
despite the tremendous shock wave and other violent conditions after collision.
Astronomy states that interplanetary
transportation of meteorites is equally true. This corroborates with the Vedas,
Vedānga, Bhagavat Gita, and Hindu Mythology. Young Dhruva,
the legend, became a star known as “Polaris.” The raison d’etre of
human birth is liberation from bondage. Man appears to be practically a slave
to the efforts of his past karma, but he is a free agent with regard to fresh
and independent deeds. If these fresh and independent deeds resulting from his
free will are in any manner directed to thwart the effects of his past karma,
he seems to be doomed to failure. The acuteness of his failure seems to be
proportionate to the disparity between the forces of fate and resisting
will-power. On the other hand, if the fresh and the independent deeds are
directed into neutral fields and neutral periods, the success appears to be
proportionate to the force of the will and the effort put forward. It is
through this free will, with which man responds to fate by deed and thought,
that he stores up the good or bad karma for the life to come, in other words,
elevates himself to obtain liberation from death or brings himself down from
life to life encircling in the endless death-birth cycle. Today’s freewill is
tomorrow’s destiny. While action is always present, the occurrence of reaction
depends on the individual’s motive and the action itself. It is this view of a
harmonious combination of fate and free will that seems to account for the
baffling inequities in life, while affording an answer to the perennial subject
of Fate Versus Free Will [17]. The chakra system of a human
being defines the withdrawing of the soul from the base upwards at the moment
of termination of the mundane existence. The First element ‘earth’ is withdrawn
from the Mulādhāra chakra
when the element ‘Earth’ is dissolved and moves upward to the Svādhishthāna chakra, when it
is converted into the second element ‘water’. The hands and feet of the dying
person will suddenly become cold. The water element moves upward to the Manipura chakra when the water element
is converted into the third element ‘Fire’. Likewise, the third element ‘Fire’
moves gradually further upward to the two chakra Anahata
chakra and Visuddha chakra, where this ‘Air’ element produces a low
gargling sound with the dissolution of the ‘Ether’ element. Thus, the five
natural elements “Panchabhutas” are
dissolved leaving the body ‘dead’ with the exit of the soul through any one of
the three vents, namely, mouth, eyes or ears. In the case of saints, it exits through ‘Brahmarandhra’ the back of the head at
the place of the pony tail known as ‘sikham’
and they attain liberation. “A Saint has a Past and a Sinner has a Future” With the death, the “Panchabhutas” dissolve into their
respective pools. The five elements of body plausibly record all vibrations set
by his evil actions and the physical body perishes on the funeral pyre, the
soul together with the subtle body with all the vibrations of meritorious
actions and reactions of individuals’ set sail to a loka of a particular height that
matches with its frequency. The interval
between death and rebirth depends on the duration of equivalence of one day in
the loka where the subtle body
stations equivalent to the number of the earth years based on the height of the
loka above the Earth. SOURCES OF FUNDINGThis research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors. CONFLICT OF INTERESTThe author have declared that no competing interests exist. ACKNOWLEDGMENTI profusely thank my son,
Prof. Y. V. Ramana Rao, M. Tech., Ph. D., Department of Electronics and
Communication, Engineering, College of Engineering, Anna University, Chennai,
India, for his critical comments in improving this research paper. REFERENCES
[1]
B. K.
Chaturvedi (2015), Vishnu Puran, Diamond Publishers, New Delhi, eISBN
97-893-5083-749-8
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Sankshipt
Narad Puran (Hindi), Geeta Press Gorakhpur; 1 edition
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B01M3Z1JQVwww.valmikiramayan.net
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[15] Swami Vivekananda, life and
teachings-belur.www.belurmath.org/swamivivekananda.htm BIOGRAPHY
Venkata
Subba Rao Yeragudipati, Ph.D., FIE., C. Eng. (I) was born in 1938. He is a
Chartered Mining Engineer, Govt. of India Certified Mines Manager, Certified
Mines Surveyor, Astronomer, Author and Astrologer. He was a faculty member of
Mining Engineering Department of Osmania University, Hyderabad and later in
Geology Department of S. V. University, Tirupati, India. After retirement, as
Executive Engineer, he served as Visiting Professor of Jyotish (Astronomy),
Central Sanskrit University, Tirupati. He is the author of several books on Veda-Sciences
published by Lambert Academic Publications, West Germany and has several
research papers to his credit published in National Journals and International
Journals of UK and USA. He is a Member of several professional bodies.
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