PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES OF UPLAND RICE; WATER AND NITROGEN UPTAKES AND WATER USE EFFICIENCY UNDER WET AND PARTIAL DRYING SOIL CONDITIONS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v9.i6.2021.3914Keywords:
NERICA, Nitrogen Uptake, Upland Rice, Water Uptake, Water Use EfficiencyAbstract [English]
Rice is an important cereal and staple food crop in Tanzania, the rice production has not met the demand, mainly due to water shortage. Dissemination of New Rice for Africa (NERICA) has been in progress to improve production in upland rice ecosystem. A pot experiment was conducted in a split plot design at university farm to elucidate water uptake, water use efficiency and nitrogen uptakes for two NERICA cultivars (NERICA1 and 2) and two Japanese rice cultivars ( and ). Amount of transpired water was recorded every day until maturity. Nitrogen uptake at booting and maturity growth stage were compared between these cultivars. The results indicated that amount of water transpired was greater for NERICA cultivars in the period from booting to maturity, in particular, under the dry soil condition. All the cultivars showed similar slope of regression lines between amount of transpired water and dry matter production (Water use efficiency), Nitrogen concentration per unit weight was higher in NERICA rice than in Japanese rice during grain filling stage. These results indicate that NERICA’s rice cultivars have high productivity due to higher water and Nitrogen uptake during grain filling stage compared with the Japanese rice cultivars tested.
Downloads
References
(2000). Consortium Formed To Rapidly Disseminate New Rice For Africa. Org/Warda1/Main/Newsrelease/Newsrel-Consortiumapr01.Htm .
KITILU, M. J. F., NYOMORA, A. M. S. & CHARLES, J. (2019). Effects of moisture stresses during vegetative and reproductive growth phases on productivity of six selected rain-fed rice varieties in Ifakara, Tanzania. African Journal of Agricultural Research 14(2), 54–64. Retrieved from https://dx.doi.org/10.5897/ajar2018.10599 10.5897/ajar2018.10599 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5897/AJAR2018.10599
Kitilu, M. J. F., Nyomora, A. M. S. & Charles, J. (2019). Moisture requirement and water productivity of selected rainfed rice varieties grown under controlled water environment in Ifakara, Tanzania. Journal of Cereals and Oilseeds 10(1), 1–15. Retrieved from https://dx.doi.org/10.5897/jco2018.0188 10.5897/jco2018.0188 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5897/JCO2018.0188
KOBATA, T., OKUNO, T. & YAMAMOTO, T. (1996). Contributions of Capacity for Soil Water Extraction and Water Use Efficiency to Maintenance of Dry matter Production in Rice subjected to Drought. Japanese Journal of Crop Science 65(4), 652–662. Retrieved from https://dx.doi.org/10.1626/jcs.65.652 10.1626/jcs.65.652 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1626/jcs.65.652
Matsunami, M., Matsunami, T. & Kokubun, M. (2010). Comparison of Nitrogen Uptake, Transpiration Rate and Exudation Rate between Upland NERICAs and Japanese Cultivars. Plant Production Science 13(4), 347–350. Retrieved from https://dx.doi.org/10.1626/pps.13.347 10.1626/pps.13.347 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1626/pps.13.347
Matsunami, M., Matsunami, T. & Kokubun, M. (2009). Growth and Yield of New Rice for Africa (NERICAs) under Different Ecosystems and Nitrogen Levels. Plant Production Science 12(3), 381–389. Retrieved from https://dx.doi.org/10.1626/pps.12.381 10.1626/pps.12.381 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1626/pps.12.381
(2009). National Rice Development Strategy. MAFC (Ministry Of Agriculture Food Security And Cooperatives) .
(2008). NERICA; The New Rice For Africa- A Compendium. Africa Rice Center (WARDA) 27–28.
O'Toole, J. C. & Baldia, E. P. (1982). Water Deficits and Mineral Uptake in Rice 1. Crop Science 22(6), 1144–1150. Retrieved from https://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1982.0011183x002200060014x 10.2135/cropsci1982.0011183x002200060014x DOI: https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1982.0011183X002200060014x
Oikeh, S. O., Nwilene, F., Diatta, S., Osiname, O., Touré, A. & Okeleye, K. A. (2008). Responses of Upland NERICA Rice to Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Forest Agroecosystems. Agronomy Journal 100(3), AGJ2AGRONJ20070212. Retrieved from https://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj2007.0212 10.2134/agronj2007.0212 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2007.0212
Rowhani, P., Lobell, D. B., Linderman, M. & Ramankutty, N. (2011). Climate variability and crop production in Tanzania. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 151(4), 449–460. Retrieved from https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2010.12.002 10.1016/j.agrformet.2010.12.002 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2010.12.002
Sikuku, P. A., Onyango, J. C. & Netondo, G. W. (2012). Yield Components And Gas Exchange Responses Of NERICA Rice Varieties (Oryza Sativa L.) To Vegetative And Reproductive Stage Water Deficit. Global Journal Of Science Frontier Research (D) 12(3), 1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5251/abjna.2012.3.3.93.104
Tahmasebi, Z., Pirdashti, H., Modarres S, S. A. M. & Balouchi, H. (2008). Study of Water Stress Effects in Different Growth Stages on Yield and Yield Components of Different Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Cultivars. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 11(10), 1303–1309. Retrieved from https://dx.doi.org/10.3923/pjbs.2008.1303.1309 10.3923/pjbs.2008.1303.1309 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3923/pjbs.2008.1303.1309
(2004). The Rice Challenge In Africa. Http//Www.Warda.Org .
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Kitilu, Mganga Joshua Fimbo
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
With the licence CC-BY, authors retain the copyright, allowing anyone to download, reuse, re-print, modify, distribute, and/or copy their contribution. The work must be properly attributed to its author.
It is not necessary to ask for further permission from the author or journal board.
This journal provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge.
