THE IMPORTANCE OF FLORA ADMINISTRATION IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF GUARUJÁ (SP), BRAZIL

Objective – The study aimed to map, identify and catalog the tree species present in the municipality of Guarujá, Metropolitan Region of Baixada Santista, State of São Paulo, used in the afforestation of the municipality. The criteria for the choice of species by the city were evaluated, aiming through this survey, future proposals for better management in the administration of inclusion of urban flora; inclusion of native species, prioritizing species that are attractive to the region's fauna. Methods - During the study, samples were taken in 5 (five) points of the city of Guarujá, with materials that present an equivalent representation of populations. The studies were carried out following seasonality, in order to observe the environmental influence on the distribution of plants. Results - Twelve families, 28 genera and 29 species were identified in the samples carried out in 117 streets in 5 districts, being 57 streets in the Vila Áurea district, 24 streets in the Jardim Progresso district, 10 streets in the Santa Rosa district, 12 streets in the Pitangueiras district and 10 streets in the Virginia Garden District. Conclusion - The interest in paying attention to plant species used in afforestation in the municipality of Guarujá is due to the fact that inappropriate afforestation is observed, sometimes planted by residents, without guidance and thus without technical criteria, thus creating a future problem, for example, causing problems urban areas such as pavement destruction, changes in the landscape and species that are not always attractive to fauna. Another fact that is also observed is the low diversity of species present, many of them exotic and not native to the region.


INTRODUCTION
With the arrival of settlers in Brazil, the first biome they came across was the Atlantic Forest. This biome borders a large part of the Brazilian coast and was where the first settlers arrived, having the first contact with these lands, starting the colonization process. Brazil has several biomes, including the Atlantic Forest. Before the arrival of Portuguese settlers, in the 16th century, this forest formation occupied an extension of approximately 1.3 million km2 along the Brazilian coast, from Ceará to Rio Grande do Sul in the country. Along the coastline, distributed over 17 states, they are: Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, Paraná, São Paulo, Goiás, Mato Grosso do Sul, Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, Bahia, Alagoas, Sergipe, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Rio Grande do Norte, Ceará and Piauí SOS Mata Atlântica (2014). Almost 72% of the Brazilian population live in the Atlantic Forest, more than 145 million inhabitants in 3,429 municipalities IBGE (2010).
However, today the Atlantic Forest has lost almost all of its original coverage throughout Brazil's history, leaving only 8.5% of forest remnants above 100 hectares of what originally existed. Adding all the fragments of native forest above 3 hectares, we currently have 12.5% SOS Mata Atlântica (2014), INPE (2014). One of the planet's highest priority regions for preservation. This forest is home to about 70% of Brazilian animals threatened with extinction Ribeiro (2009). This study aims at a better management in the administration of inclusion of the urban flora in the municipality of Guarujá, State of São Paulo, belonging to the Metropolitan Region of Baixada Santista. The project aims to include native species, prioritizing attractive species for the region's fauna. The anthropogenic alteration occurs with the planting of exotic species that are not always attractive to fauna, in addition to causing urban problems such as the destruction of pavements and changes in the landscape. The idea would be the exchange or introduction of native species in the urban space, contributing as an attraction to the endemic fauna, which is often threatened with extinction. Assuming that the municipality of Guarujá is inserted in the Atlantic Forest, and this forest is inserted in the urban reality. The city of Guarujá has an area of 144,794 km2 and a population of 290,752 inhabitants IBGE (2010). The climate of the region is subtropical (Cfa) humid with an annual average between 18-250C. Among the endemic species of the municipality, the following were found: Abarema brachystachya Barneby & Grimes, Aegiphila sellowiana Cham., Alchornea sidifolia Müll. Arg., A. triplinervea Müll. Arg.,  . We sought to inventory the urban flora. Real estate speculation, suppression of terrestrial ecosystems, predatory exploration are concerns, leading us to carry out this study.
The interest in the attention of plant species used in the afforestation of the municipality of Guarujá is due to the fact that inappropriate afforestation is observed, sometimes planted by residents, without guidance and thus without technical criteria, thus creating a future problem, for example, causing urban disturbances such as destruction of pavements, changes in the landscape and species that are not always attractive to fauna.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
During the study, samples were taken in 5 (five) neighborhoods in the city of Guarujá, with the most uniform coverage possible, with materials that present an equivalent representation of populations. The studies were carried out following seasonality, in order to observe the environmental influence on the distribution of plants.
The municipality of Guarujá is located in the metropolitan region of Baixada Santista, State of São Paulo and comprises 9 (nine) municipalities. According to Ross (2003), the region presents a tropical climate. An attempt will be made to cover the geographic area in its maximum extent and as uniformly as possible. The work covered a geographic area in 5 (five) equidistant points, considering the ecosystem importance as mangrove area, riparian forest, port area and beach. During the samplings, the materials studied were of the most diverse sizes and habitats. Samplings were carried out in the urban area in order to select plants more suitable for urbanization. The equipment used in the samplings were: pruning saw, pruning pruner with extendable handle and pruning shears. The fixation and preservation of the materials were provided immediately after collection, still in the field, with a 70% alcohol solution, in glass or plastic bottles, in relation to the fruits and seeds, while the leaves, flowers, roots and stems were made exsiccates with label describing the species name, collector, sampling site and sampling date. Immediate fixation prevents material decomposition by microbial agents. This preservation takes place in the sense of inventorying what was inserted in the urban fabric of the municipality of Guarujá. In the qualitative analysis, plants that presented reproductive structures were examined in order to more accurately identify the species, in the absence of these, the largest number of possible samples were analyzed to avoid misunderstandings. The aim was to observe the largest possible number of specimens of each type and taxonomically exhaust each sampling unit. Specimen's observations were performed using Carl Zeiss® magnifying glasses. For each characteristic, as many measures as necessary (and/or possible) were taken with the sole objective of accurately describing each species, variety or taxonomic form identified. Obviously, the minimum number of specimens observed depended on the size of populations available in the preparations. Individuals found only once during the study were only identified when they presented unequivocal diagnostic characters or when they did not present morphological variation or this was too small and considered negligible.