COMPARISON OF CARDIOVASCULAR ENDURANCE AND SPEED BETWEEN URBAN AND RURAL FEMALE STUDENTS OF BAHAUDDIN ZAKARIYA UNIVERSITY PAKISTAN

Authors

  • Syed Muhammad Ghufran Hadier Hamdani Faculty of Athletics, Beijing Sports University, Beijing, China
  • Dr QingZhong He Faculty of Athletics, Beijing Sports University, Beijing, China
  • Syeda Urooj Fatima Hamdani Department of Sports Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan
  • Syed Muhammad Zeeshan Haider Hamdani Department of Sports kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
  • Syed Muhammad Danish Haider Hamdani Department of Sports Sciences, Beijing Sports University, Beijing, China

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v5.i5.2017.1868

Keywords:

Endurance, Speed, Physical Fitness, Urban, Rural

Abstract [English]

The purpose of the present study was to determine which group of female students urban/rural has better physical fitness performance in tests. Samples comprised of 72 females’ students (36 urban and 36 rural), this represented 10% of the population from each school of Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan Pakistan. Two physical Fitness components: speed and cardiovascular endurance were assessed using 60 Meters Speed test for speed and Harward Step Test for cardiovascular endurance. Descriptive Statistics examine the characteristics of the samples and Independent ‘t’ test was employed using IBM SPSS Statistics 22 software. The results indicated that urban girls’ performance was superior to the rural girls in speed (9.29Mean) and cardiovascular endurance (5.97Mean) in both physical fitness tests urban girls’ physical fitness level was higher. The findings of this study proved that the results of this study are unique and shows that urban girls have more physical fitness trend than urban girls, moreover it was also discovered for future studies that the cultural, social and living environment had a great impact on the physical fitness of females in Pakistan.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Manmeet Gill, Nishan Singh Deol and Ramanjit Kaur. (2010). Comparative Study of Physical Fitness Components of Rural and Urban Female Students of Punjabi University, Patiala: DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09720073.2010.11891126

Anthropologist,12(1): 17-21

Kyle U G, Gremion G, Genton L, Slosman DO, Golay A, Pichard C. (2001). Physical activity and fat free and fat mass as measured by bioelectrical impedence in 3853 adults. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 33: 576-584.

Thune I, Njolstad I, Lochen ML, Forde OH 1998. Physical activity improves the metabolic risk profiles in men and women. Arch Intern Med, 158: 1633-1645. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.158.15.1633

Choudhary Anchal 1998. Physical Fitness of Female Students Studying in High Schools in Rural and Urban Areas. M.Phil Thesis, Unpublished. Kurukshetra: Kuruskhetra University.

Uppal AK, Sareen Rajeev (2000). Cardiovascular endurance of rural and urban school students. Research Bulletin, Research Division, L.N.I.P.E Gwalior, 15: 11-13.

Tsimeas PD, Tsiokanos AL, Koutedakis Y, Tsigilis N, Kellis S. Does living in urban or rural settings affect aspects of physical fitness in children? An allometric approach. British

Mc Naughton L, Morgan R, Smith P, Hannan G. An investigation into the fitness levels of Tasmanian primary schoolchildren. The ACHPER Healthy Lifestyles Journal 1996; 43(1):4-10.

Tanner GM. Foetus into man, Physical Growth from Conception to Maturity, 2nd Ed. Castlemead Publication, 1989.

Charles, M. (2006). Difference in health for rural and urban Canadians. Public Health News, Article Data 21 Sep. 2006-0:00 PST.

Andrade S, Ochoa-Avilés A, Lachat C, Escobar P, Verstraeten R, John Van Camp JV et al. Physical fitness among urban and rural Ecuadorian adolescents and its association with blood lipids: a cross sectional study. BMC Pediatrics 2014; 14:106-116. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2431-14-106

Mazzuco M, Siqueira A, Giana S. Differences in anthropometrical and fitness variables among male students from Brazilian urban and rural schools. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 2006; 38(5):S214- S215. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1249/00005768-200605001-01829

McMurray RG, Harrell JS, Bangdiwala SI. Cardiovascular disease risk factors and obesity of rural and urban elementary school children. Journal of Rural Health 1999; 15:365–74. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-0361.1999.tb00760.x

Das P, Chatterjee P. Urban-rural contrasts in motor fitness components of youngster footballers in West Bengal. India J Hum Sport Exerc 2013; 8(3):797-805. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4100/jhse.2013.83.04

Ozdirenc M, Ozcan A, Akin F, Gelecek N. Physical fitness in rural children compared with urban children in Turkey. Pediatrics International 2005; 47(1):26-31. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-200x.2004.02008.x

Corlett JT. Strength development of Tswana children. Human Biology 1988; 60:569-577.

Corlett JT, Mokgwathi MM. Running performance of Tswana children. Physical Education Review 1987; 10:110-113.

Downloads

Published

2017-05-31

How to Cite

Hadier Hamdani, S. M. G., He, Q., Hamdani, S. U. F., Haider Hamdani, S. M. Z., & Haider Hamdani, S. M. D. (2017). COMPARISON OF CARDIOVASCULAR ENDURANCE AND SPEED BETWEEN URBAN AND RURAL FEMALE STUDENTS OF BAHAUDDIN ZAKARIYA UNIVERSITY PAKISTAN. International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH, 5(5), 361–366. https://doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v5.i5.2017.1868