Original Article

Scientomatric Analysis of Doctoral Thesis in Economics Submitted at Bangalore University with Reference to Shodhaganga Website During the Period From 2000-22

 

 

INTRODUCTION

One of the most crucial criteria for evaluating scientific outputs is scientometrics. According to Macias-Chapula (cited in Lolis et al. 2009), "scientometric indicators have become essential to the scientific community to estimate the state-of-the-art of a given topic." Informatics and bibliometrics are related to and share interests with scientometrics. The quantitative examination of scientific fields based on communication and published literature is known as scientometrics.

As a scientific discipline, scientometrics is thought to be the most widely used way to assess scientific endeavours. The measurement of science using all quantitative techniques and trends associated with producing and advancing research and technology is known as scientometrics. Scientometrics is regarded as an effective evaluation tool for scientific investigations. Many scholars have developed scientometrics and related topics like bibliometric in recent years.

Scientometrics, an interdisciplinary research subject, is presently used to characterise and predict the academic level of researchers, educational and research departments, scientific journals, universities, organisations, and nations. It has expanded over nearly all scientific scopes. Many indices and methods for performing scientometrics research have emerged in this context. In actuality, the creation of databases results in the development of contemporary, reliable scientometrics features. The quantity of publications may serve as a helpful indicator of the intensity of research production, but it appears to be insufficient for assessing their quality.[1]

 

Meaning and Definition of Economics

"Economics" is derived from two Greek words: "eco," which means "home," and "nomo," which means "accounts." From being about how to maintain the family accounts, the topic has evolved into the broad topic it is today. Up until the 19th century, economics expanded extremely slowly, but since then, it has expanded at an accelerated rate. Economics is a social science that studies how products and services are produced, distributed, and consumed.[2] 

 

About: Shodhaganga

  According to UGC regulation 2009 Amended 2016/2022, the INFLIBNET Center established a digital archive of Indian Electronic Theses and Dissertations (ETDs), which is known as "Shodhganga." The INFLIBNET Center hosts and maintains an archive of Indian intellectual output known as Shodhganga. The Sanskrit word "Shodh" means "research and discovery." The Ganga is a revered and well-known river having roots in Indian culture and civilisation."Shodhganga" refers to the INFLIBNET Center's digital archive of Indian Electronic Theses and Dissertations. It gives research academics a platform to deposit their doctoral theses.[3]

 

REVIEW OF LITERATURE 

·        Ballouk (2024). Carried out a research on the study of financial stability is a highly expansive and significant area of academic inquiry. However, because they typically offer fragmented insights from a fraction of the entire corpus of financial stability, traditional literature evaluations frequently have limited reach. The goal of this study is to conduct a thorough examination on a big scale with the intention of providing an up-to-date analysis of the performance and intellectual framework surrounding the broad idea of financial stability in order to close this current knowledge gap.[4]

·        Basile et al. (2024). Conducted a study on Managing a scientific journal is a critical and challenging service for academics and practitioners. A detailed image of their publication's performance and information about how to enhance it to increase its effect must be available to journal editors. Journal management, authors, and science policymakers can all benefit from knowing the journal's performance and its leading contribution to a given topic.[5]

·        Yu-Wei Chang and Majid Nabavi (2024). Conducted a study on Comparison of disciplines, topics, and methods in studies in Journal of Informetrics and Scientometrics from 2016 to 2020 between Scientometrics and Journal of Informetrics (JOI) to provide referential data for researchers and understand developments in scientometric research. Regarding similarities between Scientometrics and JOI, the results revealed that authors affiliated with management-related institutes accounted for the largest group of researchers and were predominantly listed as the first authors.[6]

·        Dai (2024). Has examine in their study that the Scientometric analysis of research hotspots in electrochemical energy storage technology The development of electrochemical energy storage technology oriented to transportation is developing rapidly. Web of Science database is used to retrieve global research works related to electrochemical energy storage and adopt scientometric analysis with the help of CiteSpace software.[7]

·        Castillo et al. (2024). Carried out a research on Scientometric analysis and systematic review of smart manufacturing technologies applied to the 3D printing polymer material extrusion system as the 3D printing polymer material extrusion process is moving beyond niche markets and into large-scale manufacturing, still commercial systems employed by this process work in an open-loop environment where no feedback or control solution is provided from batch-to-batch production. This issue causes significant differences in part quality and generates lower production efficiency.[8]

·        Abulaish et al. (2024). Conducted a research on the role of lifelong machine learning in bridging the gap between human and machine learning: A scientometric analysis. Due to advancements in data collection, storage, and processing techniques, machine learning has become a thriving and dominant paradigm. However, one of its main shortcomings is that the classical machine learning paradigm acts in isolation without utilizing the knowledge gained through learning from related tasks in the past. To circumvent this, the concept of Lifelong Machine Learning (LML) has been proposed, with the goal of mimicking how humans learn and acquire cognition.[9]

·        Omara et al. (2024). Conducted a research on A comprehensive review of nano-enhanced phase change materials on solar stills with scientometric analysis. In recent years, solar stills systems have garnered a lot of interest and have been thoroughly researched. It is currently thought that using Nano-enhanced phase change materials (NE-PCMs) as a solar still's thermal-storage medium is an efficient way to raise the still's efficiency. This paper aims to present an extensive overview of the latest developments in PCMs systems for solar stills that are enhanced by nano particles.[10]

·        Joseph (2024).undertook a research on An inclusive trend study of evaluation and scientometric analysis of microplastics Plastics have been the most favorable requirement for the current generation, and it has become an emerging global concern. MPs (Microplastics) have been pervading for 20 years and affecting human health. Recently research related to MPs has catered to solve the hazardous effects growing on the surroundings (Marine life, human health, etc). The current study discovers research areas and themes, followed by the performance indicators (authors, journals contributing to the research related to MPs) to conceptualize the initial and present pavements in MPs by bibliometric analysis.[11]

·        Rashidi (2024). Carried out a study on trends of research conducted on construction bidding from 1975 to 2022 through a scientometric analysis from different viewpoints. A total of 299 relevant articles published in 191 journals were collected from the Web of Science database and analyzed by His t Cite and Cite Space software. The top journals, articles, institutes, and authors that contributed to bidding studies were ranked. The trends of published articles and contributions from different countries on the subject were examined. Moreover, the co-occurrence network, strongest burst detection, trends of the top keywords, and cluster analysis were determined.[12]

·        Bawar (2024). Carried out a  research on a scientometric analysis approach on the plastics and the purpose of this research was to conduct a scientometric  evaluation of the literature  pertaining to plastic sand in order to evaluate its many aspects. Some of the more complicated features of advanced research are co occurrence analysis, science mapping and co-citation analysis. During the study, the most inventive authors/researchers renowned for citations, the sources with the largest number of publications, the actively involved domains, and co-occurrences of keywords in the research on plastic sand are investigated.[13]

 

Statement of the problem

The Present Research Problem is Entitled As “Scientomatric Analysis of Doctoral Thesis in Economics Submitted at Bangalore University with Reference to Shodhaganga Website During the Period From 2000-22”.

 

Need for the study

It makes use of bibliographic citations, which are essential act of the primary scientific communication. The technique of citation analysis involves the process of collection, counting, analysis and interpretation of citations, given various types of literature and thereby help in identification of signification sources of information individuals, institutions and other aggregated of scientific activity.

 

 

Scope and Limitations of the research study

The present study limited to “Scientomatric Analysis of Doctoral Thesis in Economics Submitted by Bangalore University with Reference to Shodhaganga Website During the Period From 2000-22”.

 

Methodology

The data has been collected from Doctoral Thesis in Economics Submitted by Bangalore University with Reference to Shodhaganga Website During the Period From 2000-22”. The citation technique is adopted for the study. The Data has been collected from Shodhaganga Website. The collected data is entered in MS Excel sheet According to AACR2 cataloguing code. And also tabulated, presented and interpreted with the help of tables and graphs. and also search journal country names in SCIMOG Website.

 

Objectives of the study

study objectives are:

·        To identify the Year wise Submission of Doctoral Thesis in Economics researchers.

·        To find out Average number of Citations in each Doctoral thesis 

·        To identify the Types of documents cited by researchers

·        To prepare The Ranking of core journals cited by researchers

·        To know Authorship pattern of citations and degree of collaboration

·        To Examine Geographical wise distribution of journal citations

·        To find out Age wise distribution of journal Citations.

 

Tools For the Study

The Doctoral Thesis in Economics Submitted by Bangalore University with Reference to Shodhaganga Website During the Period From 2000-22”. are taken as the sources of data for the present study.

 

Hypotheses of the study 

·        H1. There is a Significant relationship between Year wise Submission of Doctoral Thesis in Economics towards The Average number of Citations in each Doctoral thesis 

·        H2. There is a significant relationship between Types of documents cited by researchers towards   Authorship pattern of citations  

·        H3. There is significant relationship between The Ranking of Core journals cited by researchers towards Geographical wise distribution of Periodicals

·        H4 There is a Significant relationship between Age wise distribution of journal article Citations towards Ranking of Core journals cited by researchers.

 

 DATA ANALYSIS AND PRESENTATION

 

Table 1 Year Wise Submission of Doctoral Theses in Economics
Sl. No	Year	Total no. of Theses	Citation	%	Cumulative of Citations	%
1	2000	1	82	1.62	82	1.62
2	2001	1	114	2.26	196	3.87
3	2002	7	659	13.03	855	16.91
4	2004	2	303	5.99	1158	22.90
5	2005	2	212	4.19	1370	27.10
6	2006	5	687	13.60	2057	40.69
7	2007	5	542	10.73	2599	51.41
8	2011	1	67	1.33	2666	52.73
9	2012	7	738	14.60	3404	67.33
10	2017	1	61	1.20	3404	67.33
11	2018	3	249	4.93	3714	73.47
12	2019	7	564	11.15	4278	84.62
13	2020	2	194	3.84	4472	88.46
14	2021	7	583	11.53	5055	100
	Total	51	5055	100

 

It is observed in T1 that year wise submission of doctoral theses in Economics A total of 51 doctoral thesis there are called 5055 Citations. Out of which the highest number 738(14.60%) were submitted in 2012 followed by 687(13.60%) were submitted in 2006, 659(13.03%) were submitted in 2002, 564(11.15%) were submitted in 2019, 542(10.73%) were submitted in 2007 and so on.

 

Table 2 Average Number of Citations in Each Doctoral Thesis
Sl. No	No. of doctoral Thesis	Total. No. of. Citations	Average Citations per volume
1	51	5,055	99.11

 

It is observed in T2 that Average number of citations in each doctoral thesis.  A total number of 51 doctoral thesis were called 5,055 citations. Their average citations in each thesis is 99.11%.

 

Table 3 Types of Documents Cited by Researchers
Sl. No	Ranking. no	Types of Documents	Citations	%	Cumulative of Citations	%
1	1	Journal articles	1900	37.58	1900	37.58
2	2	Books	1984	39.25	3,884	76.83
3	3	Annual Reports	384	7.60	4,268	84.43
4	4	Conference Proceedings	240	4.75	4.508	89.17
5	5	Electronic Sources	199	3.94	4,707	93.11
6	6	News Papers and Magazines	121	2.40	4828	95.50
7	7	Government Publications	78	1.54	4906	97.05
8	8	Incomplete Reference	49	0.97	4955	98.02
9	9	Theses and Dissertations	36	0.71	4991	98.73
10	10	Year Book	35	0.69	5026	99.42
11	11	Hand Books	29	0.57	5055	100
		Total	5055	100

 

It is observed in T3 that Types of documents cited by researchers.  A total of 5055 citations the highest number 1900(37.58%) references were from “Journal Articles”,  Followed by 1984(39.25%) were from “Books”, 384(7.60%) were from “Annual Reports”, 240(4.75%) were from “Conference proceedings”, 199(3.94%) were from “ Electronic Sources”, 121(2.40%) were  from  “Newspapers and Magazines” and so on.

 

 

Table 4 Ranking of Core Journals Cited by Researchers
Sl. No	Rank. No	Journals Names	Citations	%	Cumulative of. Citation	%	Country
1	1	Indian Journal of Agricultural Economics	103	5.43	103	5.43	India
2	2	Economic and Political weekly	90	4.74	193	10.15	India
3	2	Global Research Methodology Journal	90	4.74	283	14.89	India
4	3	Karnataka Journal of Agricultural Science	87	4.58	370	19.47	India
5	4	The Indian Journal of Labour Economics	81	4.27	451	23.73	India
6	5	Yojana	78	4.10	529	27.84	India
7	6	Indian Journal of Dairy Science	63	3.31	592	31.15	India
8	7	Journal of Rural Development	47	2.48	639	33.63	India
9	8	Human Resource Management Journal	24	1.26	663	34.89	Germany
10	8	Indian cooperative Review	24	1.26	687	36.15	India
11	8	Journal of Womens Entrepreneurship and Education	24	1.26	711	37.42	Europe
12	9	SEDME Journal	20	1.05	731	38.47	India
13	9	EB Journal of Management and Research	20	1.05	751	39.52	UK
14	10	Karnataka Law Journal	18	0.94	769	40.47	India
15	10	IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science	18	0.94	787	41.42	India
16	11	International Journal of Importance Research	16	0.84	803	42.26	US
17	12	Human Resource Management Journal	14	0.74	817	43	USA
18	13	Journal of Political Economics	13	0.69	830	43.68	US
19	13	Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development	13	0.69	843	44.36	US
20	13	European Journal of Development Research	13	0.69	856	45.05	Europe
21	14	Agricultural Situation in India	12	0.64	868	45.68	India
22	14	Journal of Development Studies	12	0.64	880	46.31	UK
23	14	Southern Economist	12	0.64	892	46.94	India
24	15	The Indian Journal of Industrial Relations	11	0.58	903	47.52	India
25	15	Indian Dairyman	11	0.58	914	48.1	India
26	16	Indian Econimic Journal	10	0.53	924	48.63	India
27	16	Indian Journal of Labour Economics	10	0.53	934	49.15	India
28	16	The Journal of IPE	10	0.53	944	49.68	India
29	17	The International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation	9	0.48	953	50.15	UK
30	17	NAFSCOB Bulletin	9	0.48	962	50.63	India
31	17	Journal of Indian School of Political Economy	9	0.48	971	51.10	India
32	17	Indian Veterinary Journal	9	0.48	980	51.57	India
33	18	ASCI Journal of management	8	0.42	988	52	India
34	18	International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications	8	0.42	996	52.42	India
35	18	The Indian Textile Journal	8	0.42	1,004	52.84	India
36	19	The IUP Journal of Infrastructure	7	0.37	1011	53.21	India
37	19	Khadigramodyog	7	0.37	1018	53.57	India
38	19	Journal of Social and Economic Development	7	0.37	1025	53.94	India
39	19	IZA Journal of Labour and development	7	0.37	1032	54.31	India
40	19	International Social Security Review	7	0.37	1039	54.68	Geneva
41	19	International Journal of Marketing Financial Services and management Research	7	0.37	1046	55.05	India
42	19	European Journal of Development Research	7	0.37	1053	55.42	Europe
43	19	Electronic Journal on Information Systems in Developing Countries	7	0.37	1060	55.78	China
44	19	Electronic Journal on Information Systems in Developing Countries	7	0.37	1067	56.15	China
45	20	International Journal of Engineering and Management Research	6	0.32	1073	56.47	India
46	20	Journal of Agriculture Economics	6	0.32	1079	56.78	UK
47	20	International Journal of Smart Security Technologies	6	0.32	1085	57.10	US
48	20	IOSR Journal of Business and Management	6	0.32	1091	57.42	India
49	20	Journal of Extension System	6	0.32	1097	57.73	Australia
50	20	Journal of Management In practice	6	0.32	1103	58.05	India
51	20	Man Power Journal	6	0.32	1109	58.36	Singapore
52	20	The Indian Economic Journal	6	0.32	1115	58.68	India
53	21	Telecommunication Journal	5	0.27	1120	58.94	Europe
54	21	Kurukshetra	5	0.27	1125	59.21	India
55	21	Journal of Higher Education	5	0.27	1130	59.47	Europe
56	21	International NGO Journal	5	0.27	1135	59.73	Africa
57	21	International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development	5	0.27	1140	60	India
58	21	International Journal of Applied Research	5	0.27	1145	60.26	Bangladesh
59	21	Indian Journal of Marketing	5	0.27	1150	60.52	India
60	21	Indian Economic Review	5	0.27	1155	60.78	India
61	22	African Journal of business management	4	0.22	1159	61	Africa
62	22	Asian Journal Dairy Research	4	0.22	1163	61.21	Asia
63	22	Economic Journal	4	0.22	1167	61.42	UK
64	22	EPRA International Journal of Economic and Business Review	4	0.22	1171	61.63	India
65	22	GITAM Journal of Management	4	0.22	1175	61.84	India
66	22	Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research	4	0.22	1179	62.05	India
67	22	Indian Journal of Medical Research	4	0.22	1183	62.26	India
68	22	Indian Journal of Public Administration	4	0.22	1187	62.47	India
69	22	Indian Journal of Research	4	0.22	1191	62.68	India
70	22	International Journal of Academic Research and Development	4	0.22	1195	62.89	India
71	22	International Journal of Management	4	0.22	1199	63.10	Canada
72	22	International referred research journal	4	0.22	1203	63.31	India
73	22	Journal of all India Granite and stone Association	4	0.22	1207	63.52	India
74	22	Journal of Development Economics	4	0.22	1211	63.73	Netherland
75	22	Journal of Farm Economics	4	0.22	1215	63.94	US
76	22	Journal of Regional Analysis and Policy	4	0.22	1219	64.15	US
77	22	Journal of Research in Commerce and Management	4	0.22	1223	64.36	India
78	22	Maharashtra Co-operative quarterly journal	4	0.22	1227	64.57	India
79	22	The Indian Journal of Commerce	4	0.22	1231	64.78	India
80	22	The Journal of Institute of Public Enterprises	4	0.22	1235	65	India
81		Journals cited three times 313=93	93	4.89	1328	69.89
82		Journals Cited Two times 602=120	120	6.31	1448	76.21
83		Journals cited one time 4521=452	452	23.78	1900	100
			1900	100

 

It is observed in T4 that Ranking of core journals cited by researchers there are 1900 journals were identified out of which the highest number of citations 103(5.43%) with “Indian journal of Agricultural Economics” published from “India”, followed by 90(4.74%) with “Economic and political weekly”, from “India”, 90(4.74%) with “Global Research Methodology journal”, From “India” 87(4.58%) with “Karnataka journal of Agricultural Science”, from “India”.

 

Table 5 Authorship Pattern of Citations and Degree of Collaboration
Sl. no	Authors	No. of citations	%
1	Single Author	1012	53.27
2	Double Author	651	34.27
3	Three Author	169	8.89
4	More than 3 Authors	068	3.57
Total		1900	100

 

It is observed in T5 that Authorship pattern of citations and degree of collaboration. The highest 1012(53.27%) are from “single Author” followed by 651(34.27%) are from “Double Authors”, 169(8.89%) are from “Three Author” and 68(3.57%) are from “More than 3 Authors”.

 

Degree of collaboration

It determining the degree of collaboration in quantitative term the formula given by  K.Suramanyam (1982) was used.

Formula        

                      

 

Where C= Degree of Collaboration

NM = Number of Multi Authored papers

NS=Number of Single authored papers

In the present study

NM=888

NS= 1012

Thus C= 0.46

The degree of collaboration is defined as the ratio of the number of collaborative research papers to the total number of research papers in the discipline during the particular period. The formula given by Subramanian is used in this study. It is expressed as where c is degree of collaboration in a discipline. NM is the number of multi authored research papers in the discipline published during the period. NS is the number of single authored research papers in the discipline published during the period. Table 5 reveals that the value of the Degree of collaboration was 0.46.

 

Table 6 Age Wise Distribution of Journal Citations
Years	No. of years	No. of Citations	%
2020-2010	10	424	22.31
2009-1999	10	413	21.74
1998-1988	10	399	21
1987-1977	10	293	15.43
1976-1966	10	231	12.15
1965-1930	35	140	7.37
Total		1900	100

 

It is observed in T6  that Age wise  distribution of  journal citations  out of 1900 citations  there were 424(22.31%) were  highest from the period “2020-2010” followed by 413(21.74%) citations  from the period “2009-1999”, 399(21%) citations  from the period “1998-1988”, 293(15.43%) citations  from the period “1987-1977”, 231(12.15%) are from the period from “1976-1966”  and so on.

 

MAJOR FINDINGS AND CONCLUSION

·        It is observed in T1 that the highest number 738(14.60%) were submitted in 2012 followed by 687(13.60%) were submitted in 2006.

·        It is observed in T3 that the highest number 1900(37.58%) references were from “Journal Articles”, Followed by 1984(39.25%) were from “Books”.

·        It is observed in T4 that the 103(5.43%) with “Indian journal of Agricultural Economics” published from “India”, followed by 90(4.74%) with “Economic and political weekly”. 

·        It is observed in T5 that the highest 1012 (53.27%) are from “single Author” followed by 651(34.27%) are from “Double Authors” and degree of collaboration is C= 0.46

·        It is observed in T6 that the out of 1900 citations there were 424(22.31%) were highest from the period “2020-2010” followed by 413(21.74%) citations from the period “2009-1999”. 

 

Conclusion

The scientometric analysis of doctoral theses in economics from Bangalore University, archived in the Shodhganga repository between 2000 and 2022, offers a comprehensive overview of the academic contributions and research trends in this field over a significant period. This study highlights the evolving nature of economic scholarship within the university, revealing critical insights into the themes, productivity, and collaborative efforts that have shaped the academic landscape.  The research themes identified through this analysis provide a window into the evolving priorities and emerging areas of interest among doctoral candidates, offering a snapshot of the intellectual currents that have influenced economic research during this time. The insights gained from this scientometric analysis can guide future research efforts, helping to identify gaps, prioritize emerging research areas, and enhance the overall quality and impact of doctoral research in economics at Bangalore University. This work serves as a valuable resource for educators, researchers, and policymakers aiming to foster a more robust and impactful research environment in the field of economics.

 

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