SPECIAL LIBRARY PROFESSIONALS SATISFACTION ON ORGANIZATIONAL TRAINING FACILITIES: AN INDIAN PERSPECTIVE

*1 Department of Library and Information Centre, Government First Grade College, Bhadravathi, Shivamogga, India Abstract: The fast changing technological developments made the existing knowledge of special library professionals ineffective, which they had at the time of entering into the organization. Hence, professionals have to be trained to operate new techniques and equipments, to handle the Present as well as new jobs more effectively. Training is useful not only for the organizations, but also for the employees as it develops knowledge, problem-solving ability and skill of the newly recruited employees on the one hand and serves as a refresher course in updating old employees on the other hand. It aims at improving the organization’s performance through the enhanced performance of its employees. Because of these reasons training has become an integral part of human resource development in special libraries. Knowing this fact following study has been carried out to know the special library professional’s level of satisfaction on training and development provided in organization.


Introduction
Special libraries are always been concerned with the collection, organization, storage and retrieval of recent and special information, in order to respond to user's queries. It was also often been noted that new technologies for the generation, distribution, processing and storage of information have brought changes in the nature, volume, and format of that information. So it creates increased pressure over the years. This increasing pressure can be controlled from giving adequate training to library professionals at regular intervals. Training of library and information professionals in developed countries such as the U.K., the U.S.A., Australia, Canada and developing countries like India has also supported such demand. Training of library and information professionals in India has been made important in recent years by creating the good training infrastructure in professionals (Paul, 2014). The main objective of the training is to enhance competencies, upgrade the skills and improve the ability and efficiency of Library professionals in use of modern information technology and its application in their respective libraries Chand and Dheer, (2009). While training is positively associated with the employee job satisfaction and employee job satisfaction is further having relationship with the measures of performance. Training brings the change in employee attitude which is consistently (Rowden, 2003). It is one of the means of improving the manpower utilization and helps the potential raise in the employee's job satisfaction. Knowing these facts present study has been undertaken to identify the library professional's satisfaction on training and development in Indian special libraries.

Concept and Definition
Training is a process of assisting a person in enhancing his efficiency and effectiveness at work by improving and up-grading his knowledge, developing skills relevant to his work and cultivating appropriate attitudes and behavior towards work. Training could be existing capabilities for preparing a person for still higher responsibilities which may call for new knowledge and skills.
According to Paul Training may be defined as systematized tailor-made performance to suit the needs of a particular organization for developing certain attitudes, action, skills and abilities in employees irrespective of their functional levels (Paul, 2002).
According to Landy training is "a set of planned activities on the part of an organization to increase the job knowledge and skills or to modify the attitudes and social behavior of its embers in ways consistent with the goals of the organization and the requirements of the job".

Objectives
The specific objectives of the study were as follows: 1) To identify the special professionals satisfaction on training facilities provided in organization. 2) To be acquainted with the establishment of training department in organization.
3) To make out the male and female professionals ration in Special libraries. 4) To find out the social background and marital status of Special libraries. 5) To determine the training frequency in Special libraries. 6) To identify the association between media, software and R &D library professionals on training.

Need of Training in Special Libraries
The need of this study is to assess the training and development facilities provided in special libraries in Karnataka State with a view of identify nature of training, frequency of training and making the necessary recommendations for their resolution.

Literature Review
Literature review is process of reviewing critically examines the different works already conducted by different researcher. It helps to measure the quality of work and useful to conduct the research efficiently and effectively. The following literature is obtained by scanning through the various sources like books, journal articles, databases, conference proceedings, theses dissertations etc. Spector (1997) study revealed that that the employees who are satisfied with their job perform noticeable better than those who are unsatisfied. There is a wide range of driving forces of job satisfaction; employee training is one of them. He also stressed that training enhances the commitment of employee with the organization. Training deals with the efforts made to bring improvement in the performance of employees. Satisfaction with training and development is a major factor in decision regarding people's career. Violin's (2001) North American Review Survey of twenty six hundred American and Canadian employees found that 80% of respondents said receiving training that increases their skills and abilities was a key component of what they looked for in jobs.
Baldwin & Johnson (1995) study identified training is the best solution to improve employee's understanding and let them know how to use the specific skills. Training can also be of general in nature which enhances employee's skills to cope with the common problems. There are few factors which have string impact on the output of training. Employee training persistently contributes to the increase in capital stock which is available in the economy Chand and Dheer (2009) found that aim of training is to enhance competencies, upgrade the skills and improve the ability and efficiency of Library professionals in use of modern information technology and its application in their respective libraries While training is positively associated with the employee job satisfaction and employee job satisfaction is further having relationship with the measures of performance. Training brings the change in employee attitude which is consistently (Rowden, 2003). It is one of the means of improving the manpower utilization and helps the potential raise in the employee's job satisfaction. However, it need employees should be given opportunity to grow in the professional environment, when they are provided latest tools, experience trainer and proper on the job and on the job training.
According to Pan & Hovde (2010) training need is motivated by both the "technological imperative" thus the rapid technological change that characterizes contemporary academic libraries, and by the element that librarians and information workers share with other professionals, that they are compensated for what they know as well as for what they do. Olaniyan and Ojo (2008) highlighted some of the benefits to be deprival from training staff in any organization. Skills, Increase productivity, improve the quality of work develop new knowledge understanding and attitudes etc.

Scope and Limitation of the Study
The present study is designed to analysis of training and development trends in special libraries. The study is confined to Software Industry/Information Technology (IT)/corporate libraries,

Methodology
In order to achieve the objectives of the study survey research and questionnaire method was used for this study. Data is collected mainly from primary source. A structured close ended questionnaire was designed for the study and it was distributed among special library professionals of Karnataka State.

Data Analysis and Interpretation
The researcher attempted to ensure a sample that would represent the population and hence selected simple random method for the study. The questionnaires were distributed to the respondents and were given enough time to go through it and respond to the questions therein. The data collected were tabulated and analyzed statistically using appropriate descriptive techniques included in Software Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) V.20.     It depicts from the table-5 that, majority 113 (41.1%) of professionals strongly opined professional training program is highly essential to perform work in organization followed by 109 (39.6%) of respondents opined essential and finally 53 (19.3%) of respondents felt training is not essential. It is also observed that among three different special libraries maximum number 21 (72.4%) of media library, 30 (52.6%) of software industry library and 80 (42.3%) of R and D library professionals felt professional training is highly essential.
In    libraries.  Out of 275 respondents more than two third of respondents expressed their satisfaction on existing training facility provided by their organizations.  There is a significant difference between special libraries on essentialness of training, existence of training department and satisfaction on training and development facilities provided by organization.  More than one third of the respondent's organization doesn't have separate training department in organization.  More than one third of respondents 109 (39.6%) were from urban background, indicating that management education remained confined in hands of the elite urban masses.

Recommendations
 Need to increase training programs in special libraries particularly in media and R & D libraries in particular.  There is an immediate need to improve training facilities in special libraries in general and research and development libraries in particular.  Measures should be taken to indentify the training needs of the professionals.

Conclusion
In the age of digital environment, the special library professionals also realize the need to develop and provide up-to date information service to meet the requirements of the users. Training helps the special professionals in acquiring knowledge of the subject matter, bridging the gap between past and present, enhancing the capability of the trainees, developing knowledge according to the new environment and brings out a change of attitude and behavior to fulfill the needs of users. Hence training is positively associated with the employee job satisfaction and employee job satisfaction is further having relationship with the measures of performance. Training brings the change in employee attitude which is consistently.