A STUDY ON RISK & RETURN ANALYSIS OF SELECTED SECURITIES IN INDIA STUDY ON RISK & RETURN ANALYSIS OF SELECTED SECURITIES IN INDIA.”

: The main objective of the study is to give investors a basic idea of investing into the mutual funds and encourage them to invest in those areas where they can maximize the return on their capital. The research provided an interesting insight into awareness about the mutual funds, risk taking abilities of investors and investment options preferred etc. The Indian Capital has been increasing tremendously during the last few years. With reforms of economy, reforms of investing policy, reforms of public sector and reforms of financial sector, the economy has been opened up and many developments have been taking place in the Indian money market and Capital market. In order to help the small investors, mutual fund industry has come to occupy an important place. This study helps us to understand how the companies diversify themselves in different sectors and in different companies to maximize the returns and to minimize the risks involved in it .


Introduction
Security Analysis is the analysis of tradable financial instruments called Securities. These can be classified into Debt securities, Equities, or some hybrid of the two. Investing involves risk of loss of principal and is more concerned on the return of investment. This total risk measured by standard deviation, can be divided into two parts: Unsystematic Risk and Systematic Risk. Unsystematic Risk is also called as diversifiable risk. Systematic Risk may be called as nondiversifiable risk. Unsystematic Risk or Market Risk can be measured by Beta. The Security Analysis relationship is a fundamental concept not only in financial analysis, but also in every aspect of life. If decisions are to lead to benefit maximization, it is necessary that individuals/institutions consider the combined influence on expected (future) return or benefit as well as on risk/cost. The requirement that expected return/benefit be commensurate with risk/cost is known as the "risk/return trade-off" in finance.

Security Analysis
Investors have different motives for investing. Leaving aside a few who love the power and prestige of holding a major share or a minor share in the company, the majority of the investors have one of the following motives: • Regular income either in the form of dividend or interest • Capital gains or capital appreciation • Hedge against inflation, a positive real rate of return • Safety of funds and regularity of payment of interest and principal • Liquidity and marketability in the sense that investor can convert his investments into cash or liquidity and back again into investments when cash is not needed Security Analysis involves an examination of expected return and accompanying risks. The first three motives of income, capital appreciation and a positive hedge against inflation refers to the expected return. The last two motives of investor lead to the risks involved in the investments. These risks are due to uncertainty of returns, regularity of returns, safety of funds, marketability or lack of it, etc. Investors generally desire to have the maximum return possible, as they like returns, but they dislike risk, and the extent of risk varies from investor to investor. But the return depends on the extent of risk that the investor takes. Investments are made based on security analysis and decisions involved are what securities to be bought or sold and the extent of proportion of funds to be invested in each.

Stock market
The stock market is simply a term for the overall market or industry that is concerned with buying and selling company's stock, both private and publicly traded securities. The stock market does many things. It helps to set prices of stocks. The more a stock is traded on the market and the more in demand the stock, the higher is its value. Having a stock market that is interconnected with stock markets around the world helps traders and investors to see how specific stocks are doing. The stock market is mainly present to create money. Through the market, investors -both companies and individuals -can buy stocks, which effectively make them own a small part of a company. If the company prospers, investors are rewarded with dividends and profits. Companies, by becoming public and offering stocks to the public, can raise money and improve their profile through business expansions which can help them make great profit.

Scope of the Study
• The analysis is focused on ten companies • The study is merely for academic purpose • Study restricted to a smaller sample size because of lack of time and resources • The recommendations made may not be a perfect prediction of the future as technical analysis is not an absolutely accurate practice • The all portfolio consists of risky assets there no risk-free assets.
• Risky assets consist of equity shares and whereas risk-free assets consist of investments in the saving bank account, deposits, treasury bills, bonds equity etc. • The holding period for risky assets was for one month period i.e. shares were assumed to be purchased at the first day and sold at the second consecutive day and average return for one month is considered. • An equal no of shares i.e. I (one) share of each script is assumed to be purchased from the secondary market.

Objectives of the Study
The main objective of the study is to know the performance of equities of infrastructure sector 1) To study the return and risk assessments of equities 2) To study the co-efficient of variation of equities 3) To suggest the investors how to invest, when to invest in equities 4) To measure the risks of selected securities with the help of tools and techniques

Research Methodology
Data Analysis: The collected data is sorted out and analyzed to prepare the final report. The tools and techniques used in the analysis are 1) RISK=√∑D 2 /(n-1) 2) Return =close price-previous price/previous price*100 3) Co-efficient of variation=Risk/Return 4) Difference = Return-Average 5) D 2 =Difference*Difference

A Statement Showing Co-Efficient of Variation
COV=Risk/Return

Suggestions
The suggestions of the study are as follows: 1) Feb.2017 is favor for investor to invest in Reliance infrastructure as it gives 255.19 returns.
2) Reliance and Unity infrastructure has high idle of COV better to use it in operating cycle for getting results. 3) Investment in Reliance and unity infrastructure is favor for long term investment. 4) From this analysis it is better not to go with the RAMKY infrastructure as it yields negative returns of the Feb 2017. 5) The eight infrastructure companies are not performed well the month of Feb 2017. So investment in infrastructure industry is risky so better to invest in other sector.

Conclusion
The study risk return investigation helps the investor to pick up the securities based on his choice. The study of this kind provides information about the performance of various stocks in the market in terms of risk and return. This paper emphasizes on the market fluctuations relations to the prices of Scrip's though it is difficult to observe a pattern for the price movements but efforts have been taken using fundamental analysis and technical analysis. Using fundamental analysis, it is observed that the financial position and performance of the firms are in correlation with present market prices. According to technical analysis, the historical data taken is used to observe the trends followed by the Scrip's. However, we cannot say that any one method is sufficient to analyze and interpret the fluctuations but they help the investor to define the trends to some extent.
Overall we can say that the project is satisfied.