FLOOD EARLY WARNING INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR MULTILOCATION BASED ANDROID

Development of flood early warning technology has grown rapidly. The technology has led to improvements in terms of communication and information technology. The use of the Internet of Things model (IOTs) has provided significant development to the development of early warning information systems. In this article is the development of a prototype model of flood monitoring information systems using Android has been designed by combining ultrasonic sensors as a water level detector, rain sensor, temperature sensor and moisture sensor. Arduino Uno Microcontroller Module used as sensor data processor, U-Blox Neo 6m GPS module as location detection and Ethernet module as sender of sensor data to station of flood early warning information system. The design of the prototype produces information on flood elevation, rain conditions, ambient temperature and soil moisture along with its location based on Google Maps interface on mobile android.


Introduction
Flood early warning information system serves as part of decision-making to determine disaster management policies of the government and as a material consideration of the community in knowing the location of the disaster and prepare for flood disaster. Therefore, to curb disaster risk, the government has encouraged private institutions and private sector to develop telemetry instruments in providing disaster early warning information [1]. The use of information systems based on mobile technology are now a trend among current users such as the use of applications based on android operating systems is very high [2].
Based on the use of mobile technology android is very high then it is possible that many users access the information through mobile applications. Therefore, to facilitate the public to know information about the floods that existed on certain flood prone points, it is necessary an information system that can distribute information flooding with various places in real-time to the community and local government using android applications. In this article aims to present information on the development of multi-location flood early warning information system based on Android.

Materials and Methods
Several studies have been conducted in the research and development of early warning systems based on mobile communication and information-based technologies. It is known that communication technologies involving mobile devices and machines are growing rapidly in the industrial and global world. [3]. Previous studies that have built prototypes using GSM communication-based technology models such as flood monitoring systems and SMS-based early warning [4], [5], [6].
The study resulted in the sending of flood height data using SMS using Arduino Uno intermediate and GSM module which ended with alarm at flood information system station. Besides flood warning system, Landslide warning system has been built based on arduino microcontroller and GSM module [10]. In general the research produced an efficient way of spreading an early warning message so that it does not require human presence to be informed when the possibility of a landslide is imminent. current development of early warning information systems has led to internet of things (IoTs) technology as the direction used for disaster risk management and environmental effects [11]. The use of internet-based technology has been done some previous research such as the use of Google Map as internet-based location information such as research of vehicle tracking system in real-time based on Google Map and Arduino Uno. [12]. In this study the system sends the coordinate data onto the vehicle for the GSM module to the user in the form of location based on Google Map displayed through Browser.
In a previous study the flood information system was built using an internet of thing (IoTs) model by generating web-based information with information on water level, warning status and weather conditions [7]. The use of the internet of thing model (IoTs) applied by the information system is bridging the Arduino microcontroller as a client that detects flood data with an information system server using the W5500 Ethernet module [8]. While the next research is a flood information system with information in the form of water level and location of coordinates through the GPS module that is sent to the server via GSM data communication [9].
Based on our previous research, we need to design a multi-location, mobile-based flood warning information system with the concept of Internet of Things (IoTs) that displays information on flood elevation, rain conditions, ambient temperature and soil moisture along with the location of the existence of floods in real-time. The research was built using ultrasonic sensors as water level detectors, rain sensors, temperature sensors and ground humidity sensors and U-Blox GPS module as a coordinate detector of flood location data. Both water level and location coordinate data are processed by Arduino and sent via Ethernet module to Integrated Access Point Router in the form of sensor data to the flood early warning information station. Information displayed in the form of maps accompanied by data floods height information on android applications. The design of system prototype is done in two stages namely design phase of flood detector system and design of flood early warning information system. In detector systems built using ultrasonic sensors, rain sensor, DHT11 sensor or humidity sensor soil temperature sensor, GPS module. The sensor component is connected to Arduino Uno microcontroller. The result of data processing from Arduino Uno microcontroller is sent to flood early warning system information server via Ethernetmodule and internet modem as seen in block diagram of flood detector system Figure 1. In the block diagram of the flood early warning information system as shown in (Figure 2) it can be explained that data sent by the flood detector remotely will be received by the wifi modem and processed on the PC computer. Data processing is processed in the mySQL database as the system management database using the sensor data table and location coordinates. The result of the relation between the two tables is integrated with PHP programming and Google Map API so as to produce output in the form of information system of early warning that will be accessed by android application.  The work system of the flood detector system and flood early warning information system can be seen in (Fig. 3). There are several flood detection systems in several locations that send their data onto the flood information system server via the internet. The mobile application will receive information on real-time sensor data information on each flood detector based on location .  Figure 3: System data access system early warning information flooding with android applications

Results and Discussions
The design based on the design in (Figure 1) produces a flood detector system with sensors in the form of ultrasonic sensors, rain sensors, DHT11 sensors or temperature sensors, soil moisture sensors and GPS modules as shown in (Figure 4). The system as a whole consists of processor boxes containing temperature modules, U-Blox Neo 6m GPS module, Ethernet and Arduino Uno Microcontroller. While on the outside there is a rain sensor, ultrasonic sensors and humidity sensors. Sensor data sent from the flood detection device to the flood early warning information system is stored in the mySQL database as shown in (Figure 6). In the information system database there are several fields including kode_station, water_level, weather_status, temperature, moisture_status, warning_status, lat_coordinate and lng_coordinate. The data has been processed by the flood early warning information system resulting in information on flood height , temperatures , weather status , soil moisture , hazard status and location based on Google Maps as shown in (Fig. 7). Flood early warning system on the server side programmed using PHP programming and ThemySQL DBMS is accompanied by Google Map API integration on the program structure. While on the client side or android applications built using Java and JSON programming. (Fig. 7) shows that the structure of the information is in the form of a marker label. In this study using android emulator to display information.

Conclusions and Recommendations
Based on the designed results, the Android based flood warning information system on the client side has been working as expected. Using ultrasonic sensors, rain sensor, soil moisture sensor, temperature sensor, Arduino Uno, u-Blox neo 6m GPS module and Ethernet module have been able to transmit flood station information data and flood location coordinates to client using android application. The flood information system stations to receive data onto the internet network of the flood detector system. With this prototype is expected to help information on the public in the form of flood information and its location.