IMPACT OF COALITION POLITICS ON GOVERNANCE IN INDIA

Abstract [English]

Forming a coalition government is an attribute in parliamentary systems after an election because no party has gained an absolute majority. The term ‘coalition’ originated from ‘coalition’, which is a Latin term that translates to ‘to grow together’. This describes the process of creating an agreement between different political entities. A coalition government is usually formed when one or more parties within the legislature Ally with one or more other parties in a parliamentary election to form a government to share the governance duties. Sometimes, such governments emerge to fill the political void in representations and guarantee political stability, particularly where there is severe political fragmentation. Such governments entail forming a coalition government, which has more to do with compromise and practicality. This is evidenced by quantity voting, culminating in forming the common minimum program, the policy and program that forms the basis of governance and allows partners to retain their ideological identity but with limited interference with the other’s fundamentals. The coalition is in constant development and can change through flexibility and, more or less, shifting the political partners involved in the process. These partnerships may be pre-election ones, which unite different interests and policy priorities to create a workable government with the capacity to achieve agreed goals; post-election partnerships are also frequent in India. Pre-poll coalitions are believed to be more favourable as parties joining the coalition agree to go to the election under one banner, which involves presenting voters with one common manifesto. On the other hand, post-poll alliances come up as the solution for sharing the power if no single party has a record majority to maintain stability and continue with governance.